摘要
菌剂的使用是目前促进园林废弃物堆肥的有效方法,但常用的菌剂往往为液态菌剂,其制作存在无菌操作要求高、产品存在运输不便等问题,拟尝试通过固体菌剂加以克服.以芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.)B01为研究对象,对其固态发酵过程中的载体、保护剂、接种量、装瓶量等常见工艺参数进行优化,制成固体菌剂,并与市售常见液体菌剂——EM菌进行对比,探究其对园林废弃物堆肥过程的影响.结果表明:B01固态发酵的最优载体配比为麦麸35%、米糠45%、乳糖6%、黄豆粉6%、硅藻土8%,保护剂为5%海藻糖,接种量为15%,装瓶量为15%,料水比为1∶1.在该发酵条件下,B01固态发酵物活菌体数可达到2.62×1010 CFU g(以干质量计),存储90 d后,25℃下的存活率为30.19%.与EM菌相比,固体菌剂——B01可使园林废弃物堆肥过程中纤维素降解率提高11.04%、木质素降解率提高15.47%、腐殖质含量提高19.91%.研究显示,通过固态发酵条件的优化成功地将B01制成固体菌剂,该固体菌剂具有较高的活菌数量和较长的保质期,还可促进园林废弃物堆肥过程中木质素、纤维素的降解以及腐殖质的合成,具有显著的应用潜力.
Utilization of microbial inocula is an effective method to promote the composting of green waste,but the commonly used inocula are liquefied,and their production requires rigorous aseptic conditions,and the products are inconvenient to transport.In order to solve these problems,a solid microbial inoculum was developed.A strain of B01,derived from Bacillus sp.was used for the solid state fermentation,some common technological parameters such as the carrier,protectant,inoculum concentration,and the bottling quantity were optimized to form a solid inoculum,and its promotion effects on green waste composting were evaluated by comparing with the most widely used liquid inoculum(EM).The results showed that the optimized carrier for solid state fermentation of B01 was 35%of wheat bran,45%of rice bran,6%of lactose,6%of soybean flour,and 8%of diatomite;the protectant used was 5%of trehalose,the inoculum concentration was 15%,the bottling quantity was 15%,and the ratio of material to water was 1∶1.The aforementioned optimization achieved 2.62×1010 CFU g(calculated by dry base)of B01 bacterial colonies in the solid inoculum.After storing at 25℃for 90 days,the survival rate of B01 in the inoculum still reached 30.19%.Furthermore,compared with the EM,the utilization of the inoculum in the green waste composting process increased the cellulose degradation rate by 11.04%,lignin degradation rate by 15.47%,and humus content by 19.91%.Generally,a solid microbial inoculum was successfully made from the strain of B01 by optimizing the solid state fermentation conditions,and this inoculum had abundant viable bacteria and a long shelf life.Utilization of the inoculum in the green waste composting process can promote the degradation of lignin and cellulose,and the synthesis of humus.Therefore,this inoculum has practical application potential.
作者
付冰妍
孙向阳
余克非
邹荣松
孟童瑶
揭阳
FU Bingyan;SUN Xiangyang;YU Kefei;ZOU Rongsong;MENG Tongyao;JIE Yang(College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Research Center of Saline and Alkali Land of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091,China;Tianjin Forestry Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Tianjin 300270,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期450-457,共8页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
北京市自然科学基金项目(No.6202021)
林业公益性行业科研专项项目(No.201504205)
北京市教委生态修复工程学高精尖学科建设项目的资助~~
