摘要
探究垄沟集雨条件下不同生育期水分亏缺对青椒生长发育过程的影响不仅有利于深入理解干旱区农作物高效节水增产的生理机制,而且还有助于制定科学的调亏灌溉模式。以青椒品种‘中椒107’为试材,设置5个调亏灌溉模式(充分灌溉FI、苗期轻度调亏SSMD、苗期重度调亏SSSD、花期轻度调亏FSMD、花期重度调亏FSSD),探讨了垄沟集雨条件下不同生育期水分亏缺对青椒气孔特征、生长过程和生物量的影响。研究结果显示:①对青椒苗期进行调亏处理可以显著增加近轴面气孔长度与气孔周长,但显著减小了远轴面的气孔密度和气孔宽度,而青椒花期水分亏缺却明显增加了气孔长度、宽度与周长。②青椒在整个生长期内,充分灌溉条件下的株高长势较好,而各调亏处理下青椒的茎粗与叶面积指数显著高于充分灌溉。③花期轻度调亏灌溉条件下青椒的总生物量最大,且花期轻度调亏处理下植物组织的含水量最高。研究结果表明,花期轻度调亏对青椒的生长发育过程和生物量累积尤为重要。将为华北平原地区青椒种植精准调亏灌溉模式的制定提供理论依据和数据支撑。
Investigating the effects of water deficit on the growth and development of green pepper at different growth stages with rainwater harvesting is not only critical to further understanding the physiological mechanism of highly water use efficiency and crop yield in arid areas,but also helpful for making scientific regulated deficit irrigation models.In this study,five modes of regulated deficit irrigation(full irrigation,FI,mild regulated deficit SSMD at seedling stage,severe regulated deficit SSSD at seedling stage,mild regulated deficit FSMD at flowering stage,and severe regulated deficit FSSD at flowering stage)were conducted to examine the effects of water deficit at different growth stages on stomatal traits,growth processes and plant biomass of green peppers(Capsicum annuum var.Zhongjiao 107).These results showed that:①The stomatal length and stomatal circumference on the proximal surface could be significantly increased by regulated deficit treatment at the seedling stage of green pepper,but the stomatal density and stomatal width on the distal surface were significantly reduced,and the stomatal length,width and stomatal circumference were significantly increased by water deficit at the flowering stage of green pepper.②Plant height and leaf area index of green pepper under full irrigation were better,while stem diameter and leaf area index of green pepper under various regulated deficit treatments were significantly higher than that under full irrigation.③The total biomass of green pepper was the highest under mild regulated deficit irrigation during flowering,and the water content of plant tissues was the highest under mild regulated deficit irrigation during flowering.These results suggested that mild deficit regulation at flowering stage was particularly important for the growth and biomass accumulation of green pepper.The results will provide theoretical basis and data support for the establishment of precise deficit irrigation mode for green pepper planting in the North China Plain.
作者
郝立华
常志杰
王晓雨
刘婧然
陈文娜
谢坤
贾艳辉
HAO Li-hua;CHANG Zhi-jie;WANG Xiao-yu;LIU Jing-ran;CHEN Wen-na;XIE Kun;JIA Yan-hui(Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Agricultural Academy of Sciences,Xinxiang 453003,Henan Province,China;Shangqiu Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shangqiu 476000,Henan Province,China;School of Water Conservancy and Hydropower,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,Hebei Province,China;School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,Hebei Province,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2021年第2期34-40,共7页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
农业部商丘农业环境科学观测实验站开放基金项目“大气CO2浓度倍增下调亏灌溉对冬小麦气孔特征及生理过程的影响机制”(FIRI202004-0103)。
关键词
垄沟集雨
调亏灌溉
气孔特征
生物量
青椒
rainwater harvesting
regulated deficit irrigation
stomatal characteristics
plant biomass
green pepper
