摘要
[目的]为探明不同种植模式对作物周年产量和温光资源利用效率的影响。[方法]2017—2018年在湖北省荆州市江陵县三湖农场,采用随机区组设计,设置中稻-小麦、中稻-油菜、中稻-冬闲3种种植模式进行试验。[结果]中稻-小麦模式周年产量比中稻-油菜和中稻-空闲分别高8.06%和46.71%;3种种植模式水稻季差异不显著,差异主要来自冬季作物,小麦产量是油菜的2倍左右;在经济效益上,中稻-油菜模式收益最高,比中稻-小麦和中稻-空闲分别高1123和2959元/hm 2,增幅率为6.63%和19.61%;在积温利用上,中稻-小麦模式积温利用效率最高,比中稻-油菜和中稻-空闲高1.27%和27.16%。[结论]中稻-油菜模式的经济效益高,环境风险比中稻-小麦式较小,冬闲田的资源利用效率浪费严重,应选出适应力强,且环境友好的冬季作物。
[Objective]To explore the impact of different planting patterns on crop annual yield,temperature and light resource utilization efficiency.[Method]A random block design was adopted at Sanhu Farm in Jiangling County,Jingzhou City,Hubei Province from 2017 to 2018.Three planting modes of rice-wheat,rice-rapeseed and rice-fallow were set up.[Result]The annual yield of rice-wheat model were 8.06%and 46.71%higher than those of the rice-rapeseed and rice-fallow,respectively;there was no significant difference in the rice season of the three planting modes,the difference of which was mainly due to winter crops,and the wheat yield was about twice that of rape;in terms of economic benefits,the rice-rapeseed model had the highest profit,which is 1123 and 2959 yuan/hm 2 higher than those of the medium rice-wheat and medium rice-fallow,respectively,with an increase rate of 6.63%and 19.61%;the accumulated temperature utilization efficiency of the medium rice-wheat model was the highest,which was 1.27%and 27.16%higher than those of the rice-rapeseed and rice-fallow.[Conclusion]In terms of effective accumulated temperature utilization,there is no significant difference between the rice-wheat model and the rice-rapeseed model,but the rice-rapeseed model has higher economic benefits and lower environmental risks than the rice-wheat model.In addition,the utilization efficiency of winter fallow fields is wasteful,and winter crops that are adaptable and environmentally friendly should be selected.
作者
龚松玲
何明凤
李成伟
高珍珍
刘章勇
朱波
GONG Song-ling;HE Ming-feng;LI Cheng-wei(Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry Yangtze University/Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland of Education,Jinzhou,Hubei 434000)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2021年第4期32-36,49,共6页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0301306,2017YFD0301400)
湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心开放基金项目(KFT201904)
国家自然科学基金项目(31870424)。
关键词
水旱轮作
种植模式
产量
资源利用效率
经济效益
Paddy-upland rotation
Planting mode
Yield
Resource utilization efficiency
Economic benefit
