摘要
以盛果期库尔勒香梨树为研究对象,比较了自然全光和遮光条件下的叶片光合特征参数、叶绿素荧光特征参数及果实外观和内在品质指标。结果表明,全光条件下的叶片SPAD值低于遮光条件下的叶片SPAD值(P<0.01),其光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)反而高于遮光条件下的叶片Pn、Tr和Gs(P<0.01),其胞间CO 2浓度(Ci)低于遮光条件下的叶片Ci(P<0.01)。遮光条件下的叶片PSⅡ实际量子效率(ФPSⅡ)、最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)和电子传递速率(ETR)均高于全光条件的叶片ФPSⅡ、Fv/Fm和ETR(P<0.01),非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)反而明显低于全光条件下的叶片NPQ(P<0.01)。全光条件下的果实单果重、果实纵径、果实横径、色差值a、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量、固酸比、糖酸比和石细胞含量均高于遮光条件下的果实(P<0.05),但遮光条件下的果实表面色差值L、色差值b、可滴定酸含量和果实含水量均高于全光条件下的果实(P<0.05);二者的果形指数、果实硬度和维生素C含量间的差异均不明显(P>0.05)。全光条件下生长发育的库尔勒香梨叶片光合能力和果实品质显著优于遮光条件下生长发育的叶片和果实,在培养树形过程中,要同时注重叶片和果实光照条件的综合改善。
To mensurate and compare the photosynthetic characteristic parameters,chlorophyll fluorescence characteristic parameters,fruit appearance quality and internal quality indexes under full light and shading conditions with Korla Fragrant Pear in full fruit period as the subject.The results showed that SPAD value of leaves under full light condition was significantly lower than that of the leaves under shading condition,its photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr)and stomatal conductance(Gs)were significantly higher than those of the leaves under shading,and intercellular CO 2 concentration(Ci)was significantly lower than that of the leaves under shading.Compared with the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristic parameters,the actual quantum efficiency(ФPSⅡ),maximum photochemical quantum yield(Fv/Fm)and electron transfer rate(ETR)of PSⅡsystem of leaves under shading were significantly higher than those of the leaves under full-light,but its non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ)was significantly lower than that under full-light condition.Compared with fruit quality,single fruit weight,fruit longitudinal diameter,fruit transverse diameter,color difference value a,soluble solid content,soluble sugar content,solid acid ratio,sugar acid ratio and stone cell content of fruit under full-light condition were significantly higher than those of the fruit under shading condition,but the fruit color difference L,color difference value b,titratable acid content and fruit water content of fruit under shading condition were significantly higher than those of the fruit under full-light condition.There was no significant difference in fruit shape index,fruit firmness and vitamin C content between the fruits under full-light condition and shading condition.In a word,the photosynthetic capacity of leaves and fruit quality under full-light condition was significantly better than those under shading conditions.In the process of tree shape cultivation,attention should be paid to the comprehensive improvement of light conditions of leaves and fruits.
作者
木合塔尔·扎热
玉山·库尔班
李疆
Muhtar Zari;Yusan Kurban;LI Jiang(Colleges of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Economic Forest,Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Urumqi 830063,China;Forestry Bureau of Aksu Prefecture,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Aksu 843000,China)
出处
《新疆农业大学学报》
CAS
2020年第3期163-168,共6页
Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University
基金
2020年度新疆维吾尔自治区主要林果种质资源创新项目
新疆维吾尔自治区科技重大专项项目(201130102-1)。
关键词
全光条件
遮光条件
库尔勒香梨
光合荧光特征参数
果实品质
full-light condition
shading condition
Korla Fragrant Pear
photosynthetic fluorescence characteristic parameter
fruit quality
