摘要
为探明立旋深松技术对西北半干旱区马铃薯生长、产量以及土壤理化性状的影响,于2018、2019年设置传统旋耕(T)、深翻(D)、立旋深松(V)3个处理,对马铃薯播前、花期和收获期土壤容重、萎蔫系数、田间持水量、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质含量及马铃薯的产量进行了研究。结果表明:V处理比T、D处理马铃薯出苗率分别提高3.21%和1.36%,20~40 cm土层土壤容重降低3.6%~12.8%;随着土层深度的增加,3个处理播前、花期和收获后土壤萎蔫系数都逐渐减小,2018、2019年V处理比T、D处理土壤萎蔫系数分别平均降低0.14%、0.14%、0.11%,0.02%、0.06%、0.02%。随着土层深度的增加,不同处理播前、花期和收获后土壤田间持水量逐渐减小,其中V处理在花期和收获期田间持水量分别高于T、D处理1.1%、0.7%和1.0%、0.7%;随着生育期的推进,各处理不同层次土壤养分都有减小的趋势,但收获后V处理各层次土壤养分变化幅度比T和D处理小;2018年和2019年V处理比D、T处理平均增产4.4%和19.1%。
In order to explore the effects of vertical rotary subsoiling tillage on potato growth,yield,and soil physical and chemical properties in the northwest semi-arid area,a field experiment with three treatments,traditional tillage for 15 cm depth(T),deep ploughing tillage for 30 cm depth(D),and vertical rotary subsoiling tillage for 40 cm depth(V)were set up in 2018 and 2019 year.Soil bulk density,wilting coefficient,field water holding capacity,Alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter content,and yield of potato were studied before sowing,flowering,and after harvesting.The results showed that:compared with T and D treatments,V treatment increased potato seedling emergence rate by 3.21%and 1.36%,and decreased soil bulk density by 3.6%~12.8%in 20~40 cm soil.With increasing soil depth,the soil wilting coefficient decreased gradually before sowing,flowering,and after harvesting.The average soil wilting coefficients of V treatment were 0.14%,0.14%,and 0.11%in 2018,and 0.02%,0.06%,and 0.02%in 2019,respectively.With increasing soil depth,the soil water holding capacity of different treatments decreased gradually before sowing,flowering,and after harvest.The field water holding capacity of V treatment was higher by 1.1%and 0.7%,1.0%and 0.7%than that of T and D treatment at flowering and harvest stages,respectively;With the advance of growth period,soil nutrients at different levels of each treatment had a decreasing trend,but the change range of soil nutrients in each layer of V treatment was smaller than that of T and D after harvesting.In 2018,the field water holding capacity of V treatment at different depths was higher than that of T and D.Compared with V treatment in 2019,the average yields of D and T treatments werehigher by 4.4%and 19.1%.Through the study,the effects of vertical rotary sub-soiling tillage on soil physical and chemical properties and potato water use and yield were clarified,which provided theoretical basis for the promotion of vertical rotary sub-soiling tillage technology in semi-arid area.
作者
王娟
谭伟军
陈自雄
徐祺昕
何万春
黄凯
孟红梅
马海涛
陈小丽
张思邈
马宁
WANG Juan;TAN Weijun;CHEN Zixiong;XU Qixin;HE Wanchun;HUANG Kai;MENG Hongmei;MA Haitao;CHENG Xiaoli;ZHANG Simiao;MA Ning(Dingxi Agricultural Science Research Institute,Dingxi,GanSu 743000,China;Dingxi Baiquan Limited Liability Company of Potato,Dingxi,GanSu 743000,China;Anding District Garden Workshop in Dingxi,Dingxi,Gansu 743000,Chian;Dingxi Hydrological and Water Resources Detection Station of Gansu,Dingxi,GanSu 743000,China)
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期34-40,共7页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
甘肃省重点人才项目(甘组通字[2020]9号)
甘肃省现代农业科技支撑体系区域创新中心重点科技项目(2019GAAS46-1)
甘肃省现代丝路寒旱农业发展项目(GNKJ-2020-1,GNKJ-2020-2)。
关键词
西北半干旱区
立旋深松耕作
土壤水分
土壤肥力
土壤理化性状
马铃薯
产量
the northwest semi-arid area
vertical rotary sub-soiling tillage
soil moisture
soil fertility
soil physical and chemical properties
potato
yield
