摘要
究竟是"内求"还是"外求"方式带来了中国的技术进步。现有文献虽然研究了技术进步的"内求"或"外求"的其中一种方式,但少有学者把内外求技术进步的方式纳入一个模型进行分析。本文的主要工作是:首先,量化和细化了技术进步的内求方式和外求方式,用研发资本存量、人力资本存量衡量内求方式,用IFDI研发资本存量、OFDI研发资本存量、国际贸易研发资本存量衡量外求方式。其次,将市场机制的供给侧结构性调整、需求侧结构性调整、财政政策与货币政策作为主要的资源配置方式纳入研究模型。最后,利用2008年—2015年中国各省份面板数据进行了实证分析,研究显示:无论是依托中国自主创新的"内求"方式还是对外国先进技术学习模仿的"外求"方式,都能够有效地促进中国全要素生产率的进步,但"内求"方式起到了主导作用。此外,供给侧、需求侧结构性调整等市场机制要素与财政政策、货币政策等政府调控要素能够扭曲"内求"与"外求"技术进步要素对全要素生产率的影响,且这种扭曲效果在中国的东中西部地区的影响具有地区差异,与时间效应及省份地区效应同样有关。
Philosophically, there are many discussions on the causal judgment of the success or failure of things. It is believed that internal and external factors are the decisive factors of the success or failure of things, and internal factors play a leading role. However, there is little research on the application of determinism of internal and external causes in economics. The report of the 19 th National Congress puts forward that "innovation is the first driving force to lead development", which shows the importance of innovation. Therefore, this paper analyzes whether the methods of "internal seeking" or "external seeking" of technological progress has brought about China′s technological progress in China′s technological innovation and progress. This paper holds that "internal seeking" technological progress means bringing domestic technological progress through self-innovation and cultivation of self-innovation environment, while "outward-seeking" technological progress means bringing domestic technological progress through imitation, reference and introduction of other countries′ technologies. On the basis of summarizing the literatures and defining the internal and external seeking ways of technological progress, it is found that although the existing literatures have studied one of the ways of "internal seeking" or "external seeking" of technological progress, few studies have incorporated the internal and external seeking ways of technological progress into a model for analysis. Although the role of resource allocation in technological progress is emphasized, there is a lack of research on integrating the elements of "internal and external demand" into a model and considering the impact of resource allocation on technological progress at the same time, that is, there is a lack of research on integrating market mechanism and government regulation into a model and refining its connotation and influence. This paper intends to make the following explanations. It refines and quantifies the internal and external seeking ways of technological progress, and measures the internal seeking ways with R&D capital stock and human capital stock, and measures the external seeking ways with IFDI R&D capital stock, OFDI R&D capital stock and international trade R&D capital stock. The supply-side structural adjustment of market mechanism, the demand-side structural adjustment, and the fiscal and monetary policies regulated by the government are taken as the main ways of resource allocation into the model study. By using the static panel data model of China′s provinces from 2008 to 2015, and adopting the regression method of gradually adding variables, this paper first discusses the situation of the whole sample. In order to analyze the influence of market mechanism and government regulation, the intersection items of market demand, market supply, fiscal policy, monetary policy and "internal and external demand" technological progress elements are added in time, and then the situation in the eastern, central and western regions of China is analyzed. The research shows that both the "internal seeking" mode of independent innovation in China and the "external seeking" mode of learning and imitating foreign advanced technology can effectively bring about the progress of China′s total factor productivity, but the "internal seeking" mode plays a leading role. Market mechanism elements such as supply-side structural adjustment and demand-side structural adjustment, and government regulation elements such as fiscal policy and monetary policy can distort the impact of technological progress elements such as "internal demand" and "external demand" on total factor productivity. Moreover, the distortion effect has regional differences in the eastern, central and western regions of China, which is related to time effect and provincial and regional effect. In order to promote technological innovation in the new era, on the one hand, it is necessary to play the role of market mechanism and government regulation, on the other hand, it is necessary to improve self-technological research ability and strengthen the cultivation of self-innovation environment. On the premise of attaching importance to both of the elements of "internal and external demand", the emphasis is placed on the cultivation of "internal demand" technological progress ability, and at the same time, it is not lax to learn from other countries′ existing innovation experience.
作者
梁任敏
蒙昱竹
赵庆
Liang Renmin;Meng Yuzhu;Zhao Qing(Research and Development School,Yunnan University,Kunming 650000,Yunnan,China;Research Institute of Economic Development in Underdeveloped Regions,Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;School of Big Data Application and Economics,Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;School of Business Administration,Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China)
出处
《科研管理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第12期70-81,共12页
Science Research Management
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71861034,2018—2022
71763031,2017—2021)
商务部基金项目(2017SWBZD17,2017—2020)
贵州绿色发展战略高端智库系列成果之一。
关键词
技术进步
内求
外求
市场机制
政府调控
technology growth
internal causes
external causes
market mechanism
government macro-control
