摘要
主要通过比较丹系和加系纯种、二元和三元母猪的窝产健仔数,分析不同遗传背景及胎次的母猪产仔性能差异,为评估三元母猪产仔性能及其替代更新提供参考依据。研究整理了国内某规模化企业2019年5月至2020年8月间猪场的209 963条产仔记录,其中丹系56 016窝,加系153 947窝,通过单因素方差分析及邓肯检验对2个品系的母猪产健仔数进行统计分析。结果表明,丹系种猪平均窝产健仔数[(12.54±2.61)头,n=56 016]极显著高于加系种猪[(11.21±2.89)头,n=153 947](P<0.01)。进一步分析品系内二元母猪与三元母猪的产仔性能差异,发现丹系二元母猪平均窝产健仔数[(12.59±2.69)头,n=43 007]显著高于丹系三元母猪[(11.12±2.95)头,n=1 236](P<0.05);加系二元母猪平均窝产健仔数[(11.55±2.81)头,n=84 374]显著高于加系三元母猪[(10.73±2.87)头,n=47 185](P<0.05)。研究还对比了胎次对产仔性能的影响,丹系二元母猪第2胎产健仔数[(13.28±2.32)头,n=9396]显著高于其他胎次,加系二元母猪第3胎产健仔数[(12.11±2.61)头,n=12 208]显著高于其他胎次。结果说明,三元母猪的产仔性能与二元母猪相比存在明显劣势,大规模使用三元母猪可能对企业的PSY和MSY有较大影响。当有足够二元后备母猪补充群体时,应该将使用过4~5胎的三元母猪主动淘汰,将其对企业的种猪成本及收益不利影响控制在最小范围,降低对企业经济效益的影响。
The present study analyzed the difference in litter performance of sows with different genetic backgrounds and parities by comparing the number of healthy piglets per litter of purebred,two-way and three-way crossbred sows of Danish and Canadian pigs,which we hope to provide reference for evaluating litter performance of three-way crossbred sows and its replacement strategy.A total of 209 963 litter records including 56 016 litters of Danish pigs and 153 947 litters of Canadian pigs were collected from a large-scale enterprise in China from May 2019 to August 2020.The number of healthy piglets of two lines was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Duncan test.The results showed that the number of healthy piglets per litter of Danish pigs [(12.54±2.61),n=56 016]was significantly higher than that of the Canadian pigs [(11.21±2.89),n=153 947](P<0.01).Further analysis of the litter performance difference between two-way and three-way crossbred sows within the line showed that the number of healthy piglets per litter of two-way crossbred sows of Danish pigs [(12.59±2.69),n=43 007] was significantly higher than that of three-way crossbred sows[(11.12±2.95),n=1 236](P<0.05);the number of healthy piglets per litter of two-way crossbred sows of Canadian pigs [(11.55±2.81),n=84 374] was significantly higher than that of three-way crossbred sows [(10.73±2.87),n=47 185](P<0-05).The study also compared the effects of different parities on litter performance.The number of healthy piglets of the second parity of two-way crossbred sows of Danish pigs [(13.28±2.32),n=9 396] was significantly higher than that of other parities,and the number of healthy piglets of the third parity of two-way crossbred sows of Canadian pigs [(12.11±2.61),n=12 208] was significantly higher than that of other parities.The study shows that the litter performance of three-way crossbred sows was significantly inferior than that of two-way crossbred sows.Wide use of three-way crossbred sows may have obvious negative impacts on PSY and MSY of enterprises.If there were sufficient two-way crossbred gilts to supplement the population,enterprises should take the initiative to eliminate the three-way crossbred sows that have been used 4~5 parities to minimize the adverse impact on the breeding cost and on the economic benefits.
作者
言莹
陈小玲
刘炎
徐学文
马国剑
YAN Ying;CHEN Xiaoling;LIU Yan;XU Xuewen;MA Guojian(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education&College of Animal Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production in Hubei,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《中国猪业》
2021年第1期46-51,共6页
China Swine Industry
基金
国家自然科学基金重大项目(31790413&31790414)
国家自然科学基金(31872326、32072698)
国家生猪产业技术体系(CARS-35)。
关键词
丹系
加系
三元母猪
二元母猪
窝产健仔数
胎次
Danish pigs
Canadian pigs
three-way crossbred sows
two-way crossbred sows
the number of healthy piglets per litter
parity
