摘要
目的了解我国六省居民减盐防控高血压知识、态度和行为现状及影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,对我国六省抽取2693名18岁以上居民开展问卷调查和体格检查。计算居民减盐知识、态度及行为水平,并采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析相关影响因素。结果调查对象中高血压患者919人(34.13%),超重及肥胖人群占总调查对象的38.10%及17.42%。调查对象对盐与高血压知识问题的回答正确率最高的是吃盐多可导致高血压(74.23%),最低的是成人每人每天盐摄入推荐量(20.91%)。调查对象对盐与高血压的平时吃饭口味、愿意少吃盐、认为能够做到少吃盐等3个态度问题的意愿率分别为27.70%、79.54%和73.60%。调查对象少吃腌制食品、少吃含盐零食、点外卖或就餐频次低及主动要求外卖或餐厅少放盐等4个减盐行为问题的行为率分别为56.96%、82.55%、68.29%和7.09%。经Logistic分析,减盐态度高水平者(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.39~2.05),45~59岁人群(OR=1.54,95%CI:1.37~1.74),女性(OR=1.52,95%CI:1.27~1.83)更能够主动采取减盐措施。结论六省居民减盐知识知晓率低,减盐态度支持率高,主动采取减盐行为率低,应加强有针对性的减盐相关知识普及教育,提高居民主动减盐行为率。
Objective To explore current status of knowledge,attitude and practice of salt reduction among adults in 6 provinces among China,and analyze the relevant influencing factors.Methods A multistage cluster random sampling was used to carry out questionnaire survey and physical examination among 2693 residents aged over 18 years old from 6 provinces in China.The knowledge,attitude and behavior of residents in salt reduction were calculated.The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relevant influencing factors.Results A total of 919 people had hypertension(34.13%),and the proportion of overweight and obesity was 38.10%and 17.42%,respectively.The most correct answer rates of respondents to the low salt and anti-hypertension knowledge was 74.23%(high salt resulting in hypertension).The lowest correct answer rates of respondents to the low salt and anti-hypertension knowledge was 20.91%(the recommended amount of daily salt intake per adult).The identification rates of three attitudes indicators were 27.70%(daily taste and food preferences),79.54%(willing to choose low-salt dietary),73.60%(could complete low-salt dietary).The behavioral rates of 4 practice indicators were 56.96%(frequency of consuming pickled food),82.55%(frequency of consuming salty sneaks),68.29%(frequency of dine out/request delivery),7.09%(request low salt while dinning out/requesting delivery).Logistic model analysis indicates that high comprehensive score of attitudes(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.39-2.05),people aged 45-59 years old(OR=1.54,95%CI:1.37-1.74),female(OR=1.52,95%CI:1.27-1.83)could take actively measures for reducing salt intake.Conclusion The awareness rate of knowledge is lower,while the attitude support and practice rate are higher among the 6 provinces.More attention should be paid on the universal education of salt reduction to improve the practice rate.
作者
王思琦
徐建伟
白雅敏
刘敏
吉宁
李园
张普洪
李英华
吴静
WANG Si-qi;XU Jian-wei;BAI Ya-min;LIU Min;JI Ning;LI Yuan;ZHANG Pu-hong;LI Ying-hua;WU Jing(National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Dis-ease Control and Prevention,Bejing 100050,China)
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2020年第11期973-976,986,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
英国国立健康研究院资助中英减盐项目Action on Salt China(16/136/77)。
关键词
减盐
高血压
知识
态度
行为
影响因素
Salt reduction
Hypertension
Knowledge
Attitude
Practice
Influencing factors
