摘要
【目的】针对新疆棉花集排式排种器能耗大、投种株距均匀性差等问题,提出机械式精量取种和气力送种相结合的方案,设计了一种集排滚筒式排种器气力送种系统.【方法】确定了气力送种系统主要部件的结构与参数,建立了投种过程的动力学模型.以进气口角度、工作正压力、输种管弯曲角度、输种管直径为影响因子,株距变异系数为评价指标,采用四因素三水平正交组合试验方法,分析各影响因子对株距均匀性的影响规律.【结果】影响株距均匀性的主次顺序为进气口角度、工作正压力、输种管弯曲角度、输种管直径.最优参数组合为进气角度45°,工作正压力1.6 kPa,输种管直径20 mm,输种管弯曲角度140°,其株距变异系数达到最低为16.58.【结论】经试验验证,满足棉花精量投种的种植要求.
【Objective】Aimed at the problems of high energy consumption and poor uniformity of the centralized cotton metering device in Xinjiang,a solution combining mechanical precision seed picking system and pneumatic seed feeding system was proposed and metering device,and a pneumatic seed feeding system of cylinder-type centralized metering device was designed.【Method】The structure and parameters of the main components of the system were determined and the dynamic model of the seeding process was established.The pressure factor of air mouth angle,working positive pressure,bending angle of the transmission tube and diameter of the seed tube were used as the influencing factor,and the variance coefficient of of plant spacing as the evaluation index to analyze the influencing pattern of each factor on the uniformity of plant spacing through four-factor and three-level orthogonal combination test method.【Result】The rank of influencing degree of all factors on plant spacing was inlet angle,working positive pressure,bending angle of seed tube and seed tube diameter.The optimal parameter combination was 45°inlet angle,1.6 kPa working positive pressure,20mm seed tube diameter,140°seed tube bending angle,and the variance coefficient of plant spacing reached the lowest(16.58).【Conclusion】The designed device can meet the planting requirements for cotton precision seeding.
作者
姜有忠
李继霞
赵永满
胡斌
罗昕
JIANG Youzhong;LI Jixia;ZHAO Yongman;HU Bin;LUO Xin(Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China;Department of Mechanical Engineering,Vocational and Technical College,Kelamayi 834000,China)
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2021年第1期182-188,共7页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“并排双腔式排种器高速有序充种机理的研究”(5166050123).
关键词
棉花
集排式
气力送种
精量投种
cotton
centralized metering
pneumatic seed feeding
precision seeding
