摘要
核天体物理是研究微观世界的核物理与研究宇观世界的天体物理、天文学融合形成的一门交叉学科,在国际上一直作为物理学的一个重要前沿方向而受到关注.本文总结了核天体物理领域的研究现状、热点科学问题及实验研究方法,介绍了基于强流重离子加速器装置(High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility,HIAF)的核天体物理研究展望.HIAF是我国正在建设的核物理大科学装置,在开展远离稳定线核素的质量、半衰期和核反应截面等方面的核天体物理研究中极具优势,将为研究爆发性核过程和理解宇宙重元素起源问题提供研究机遇.在元素核合成中关键反应研究方面,发展ANC,Oslo,替代反应和替代比率等间接测量方法及实验技术,系统开展带电粒子、中子俘获反应的研究.通过HIAF储存环,可以系统测量r-过程核素质量;通过HIAF次级束流线,发展高效率探测器,系统测量r-过程核素的衰变半衰期.此外,基于HIAF还可以开展中子星物态方程以及弱相互作用率等研究.通过以上核物理实验及理论研究,更新核天体物理研究所需的质量和反应率数据库,结合天文观测,检验和发展天体物理模型,理解星体演化和宇宙中的元素起源.
Nuclear astrophysics is an interdisciplinary research field integrating nuclear physics,astrophysics and astronomy.It has always been an important frontier of physics in the world.This paper summarizes the current status,key research topics,and experimental approaches in nuclear astrophysics and briefly introduces its research prospect based on the High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF),which is a large-scale scientific facility for nuclear physics that is under construction in China.HIAF has great advantages for studying the masses,half-life,and reaction cross sections of the unstable nuclides and will provide a good opportunity for understanding explosive nuclear processes as well as the origin of heavy elements in the universe.For key reactions in the nucleosynthesis process,indirect measurement methods and experimental techniques such as ANC,Oslo,surrogate reactions,and surrogate ratio methods,will be developed and used for the systematic studies on the charged-particle or neutron capture reactions.Using the HIAF storage ring,the mass of the r-process nuclides can be systematically measured.Using the HIAF secondary beam line and high-efficiency detector,the decay half-life of the r-process nuclides can be measured.Furthermore,based on HIAF,the equations of states of a neutron star and weak interaction rates can be studied.Using the above nuclear physics experimental and theoretical research,the database of the masses and reaction rates will be updated.Astronomical observations will be combined to test the astrophysical model,and to understand the evolution of stars as well as the origin of elements in the universe.
作者
郭冰
柳卫平
唐晓东
李志宏
何建军
GUO Bing;LIU WeiPing;TANG XiaoDong;LI ZhiHong;HE JianJun(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China;Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Materials Modification of Ministry of Education,College of Nuclear Science and Technology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第11期91-104,共14页
Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica
基金
国家自然科学基金(编号:11490560)
国家重点基础研究发展计划(编号:2016YFA0400500)
核技术创新联合基金(编号:U1867214)
财政部稳定支持研究经费(编号:WDJC-2019-13)资助项目。
关键词
核天体物理
元素核合成
反应截面
质量
半衰期
nuclear astrophysics
nucleosynthesis
reaction cross section
mass
half-life
