摘要
利用2000、2005、2010、2015和2018年西安市的土地利用数据,基于ArcGIS 10.5分析土地利用/覆被的变化特征,并利用Fragstats 4.2计算景观指数研究景观格局的变化特征。结果表明,西安市土地利用以耕地为主,2000—2018年土地利用变化的主要特征为耕地面积显著减少、建设用地明显扩张,其中耕地面积减少497.54 km^(2),建设用地增加532.36 km^(2);各地类相互转化,其中耕地的转出率较高,建设用地的转入率较高,且新增建设用地主要来源于耕地。2000—2018年建设用地破碎化程度最高但有所降低,耕地和林地破碎化程度升高,草地的破碎化程度先升高后降低,景观类型趋于复杂化、多样化、异质化。因此,在城市发展过程中,尤其是西部地区,必须注重生态保护,降低人类活动对景观格局的干扰强度。
Using the land use data of Xi’an in 2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2018,the characteristics of land use/cover changes were analyzed based on ArcGIS 10.5,and Fragstats 4.2 was used to calculate the landscape index to study the change characteristics of landscape patterns.The results showed that the land use in Xi’an was dominated by arable land.The main characteristics of land use changes from 2000 to 2018 were the significant decrease in arable land and the obvious expansion of construction land.The area of arable land decreased by 497.54 km^(2) and the construction land increased by 532.36 km^(2);all regions were transformed into each other.Among them,the conversion rate of arable land was higher,and the conversion rate of construction land was higher,and the newly added construction land mainly came from cultivated land.From 2000 to 2018,the degree of fragmentation of construction land was the highest but decreased.The degree of fragmentation of arable land and forest land increased,and the degree of fragmentation of grassland increased first and then decreased,and the types of landscapes tended to become more complex,diverse and heterogeneous.Therefore,in the process of urban development,especially in the western region,we must pay attention to ecological protection and reduce the intensity of interference of human activities on the landscape pattern.
作者
马瑞芳
员学锋
MA Rui-fang;YUAN Xue-feng(School of Land Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054;Key Laboratory of Land Remediation of Shaanxi Province,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054;Rural Revitalization Research Institute of Chang’an University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2021年第5期90-94,共5页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
陕西省土地整治重点实验室基金项目(211927190123)。
关键词
土地利用/覆被
景观格局
变化特征
西安市
Land use/cover
Landscape pattern
Change characteristics
Xi’an City
