摘要
目的了解凉山州盐源县流行性出血热流行病学特征,为制定有效的防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析2009—2018年凉山州盐源县报告的流行性出血热病例流行特征,采用SPSS 25.0对数据进行统计分析。结果凉山州盐源县共报告流行性出血热确诊病例675例,无死亡病例,年均报告发病率为20.36/10万,2009—2013年发病率维持在较低水平,2014年起发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势=674.541,P<0.01)。呈双峰型季节分布,春夏季(3—7月)峰值高于秋冬季(10—11月)。病例报告乡镇从2009年的6个逐渐扩大到2018年的31个,报告病例主要集中在盐井镇和双河乡等8个乡镇(占72.00%)。男性发病率(25.93/10万)高于女性(13.98/10万)(χ^(2)=60.32,P<0.01)。职业分布以农民为主(占76.30%),其次为学生(占18.07%)。结论凉山州盐源县流行性出血热疫情流行趋势呈"N"型,2017—2018年为第2个发病高峰,发病具有季节性,呈"双峰型"分布,发病以青壮年男性、农民和学生为主。建议根据流行特征采取有针对性的防控措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever(EHF)in Yanyuan County of Liangshan Prefecture,provide scientific evidence for the formulation of effective prevention and control measures.Methods The epidemic characteristics of EHF cases reported in Yanyuan County of Liangshan Prefecture from 2009-2018 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.SPSS 25.0 was used to analyze the data statistically.Results A total of 675 confirmed cases of EHF were reported in Yanyuan County of Liangshan Prefecture from 2009-2018,without death case.The annual incidence rate was 20.36/lakh.While the incidence rate remained low from 2009-2013,it was increasing year by year since 2017(χ^(2)trend=674.541,P<0.01).There was a double-peak distribution in the season,and the peak value in spring and summer(March-July)was higher than that in autumn and winter(October-November).The number of townships with reported cases gradually increased from 6 in2009 to 31 in 2018,and the reported cases were mainly concentrated in 8(72.00%)townships,including Yanjing Town and Shuanghe Township.The incidence of males(25.93/lakh)was higher than that of females(13.98/lakh)(χ^(2)=60.32,P<0.01).The occupation distribution was mainly farmers(76.30%),followed by students(18.07%).Conclusion The epidemic trend of EHF shows"N-shaped"in Yanyuan County of Liangshan Prefecture,and it is the second peak of incidence from 2017-2018.The incidence of the disease is seasonal,showing a"double peak"distribution.The cases are mainly young male farmers and students.It is suggested that targeted prevention and control measures should be taken according to the epidemic characteristics.
作者
邓明菊
边绍勇
宋阳
李燕
DENG Ming-ju;BIAN Shao-yong;SONG Yang;LI Yan(Health Monitoring Institute,Liangshan Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xichang Sichuan,615000,China;Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety,Sichuan Cener for Disease Control and Prevention,Chegndu Sichuan,610041,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第23期3252-3254,3259,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
流行性出血热
流行病学特征
发病率
Epidemic hemorrhagic fever
Epidemiological characteristics
Incidence rate
