摘要
High-dimensional and sparse(HiDS)matrices commonly arise in various industrial applications,e.g.,recommender systems(RSs),social networks,and wireless sensor networks.Since they contain rich information,how to accurately represent them is of great significance.A latent factor(LF)model is one of the most popular and successful ways to address this issue.Current LF models mostly adopt L2-norm-oriented Loss to represent an HiDS matrix,i.e.,they sum the errors between observed data and predicted ones with L2-norm.Yet L2-norm is sensitive to outlier data.Unfortunately,outlier data usually exist in such matrices.For example,an HiDS matrix from RSs commonly contains many outlier ratings due to some heedless/malicious users.To address this issue,this work proposes a smooth L1-norm-oriented latent factor(SL-LF)model.Its main idea is to adopt smooth L1-norm rather than L2-norm to form its Loss,making it have both strong robustness and high accuracy in predicting the missing data of an HiDS matrix.Experimental results on eight HiDS matrices generated by industrial applications verify that the proposed SL-LF model not only is robust to the outlier data but also has significantly higher prediction accuracy than state-of-the-art models when they are used to predict the missing data of HiDS matrices.
基金
supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61702475,61772493,61902370,62002337)
in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0578,cstc2019jcyjjqX0013)
in part by the Chinese Academy of Sciences“Light of West China”Program,in part by the Pioneer Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences
by Technology Innovation and Application Development Project of Chongqing,China(cstc2019jscx-fxydX0027)。
