摘要
近年来,基于DNA测序技术基础发展起来的单细胞测序技术已经彻底扩大了基因组学和生物医学研究的规模和范围。在以解决实际科学问题的目的下,将病例样本或物体本身放大到一定的尺度范围,它能在单细胞层面上展现肿瘤异质性、表征罕见细胞体、细化肿瘤演化进程。目前,单细胞测序分为全基因组、转录组和表观基因组测序,其技术难点在于单细胞的分离及扩增。本研究对不同的单细胞转录组测序方法分别进行了原理和特点概括。此外,还阐述了单细胞测序技术在肿瘤、微生物、神经科学及胚胎发育研究方面的应用。最后,结合单细胞测序平台的建立及建库信息的不断完善,对单细胞测序技术在生命科学研究中的应用进行了展望。
Single-cell sequencing technology which is based on DNA sequencing technology has completely expanded the scale and scope of genomics and biomedical research in recent years.In order to solve those practical scientific problems,the case sample or the object itself is enlarged to a certain scale range.Using this technology,we can explore the tumor heterogeneity on a single cell level,characterize rare cell bodies,and refine tumor progression,etc.At present,single-cell sequencing is divided into whole genome,transcriptome and epigenome sequencing whose difficulties lie in the isolation and amplification of single cells.We summarize the principles and characteristics of different single-cell transcriptome sequencing methods,and describe the applications of single-cell sequencing technology which could apply on oncology,microbiology,neuroscience and embryonic development research.Finally,combined with the establishment of single-cell sequencing platform and the continuous improvement of database information,we make a prospect on the application of single cell sequencing technology in life science research.
作者
王磊
杨春艳
李芳芳
穆登彩
沈昊
郑尚永
Wang Lei;Yang Chunyan;Li Fangfang;Mu Dengcai;Shen Hao;Zheng Shangyong(School of Medicine,Yunnan University,Kunming,650091)
出处
《基因组学与应用生物学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第11期5381-5388,共8页
Genomics and Applied Biology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81860494)资助。
关键词
单细胞
转录组测序
原理
应用前景
Single cell
Transcriptome sequencing
Principles
Application prospect
