摘要
【目的】分析晾制过程中温度对雪茄烟叶多酚类物质代谢水平的影响,为雪茄烟叶质量的调控提供参考。【方法】以主栽雪茄烟品种德雪1号为试验材料,设计低温、中温、高温3种晾制温度处理,测定鲜烟叶及晾制过程中凋萎期、变色期、定色期、干筋期雪茄烟叶主要酚类物质含量以及苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性的变化,分析雪茄烟叶多酚类物质含量与以上3个酶活性的相关性,并对晾制后各处理烟叶化学成分含量进行测定。【结果】晾制期间,不同处理雪茄烟叶绿原酸和芸香苷含量均呈先升高后降低的趋势,而莨菪亭含量呈持续下降趋势;PAL、PPO和POD活性均呈单峰变化,但到达峰值的时间有所不同。烟叶多酚类物质含量与相关酶活性的相关性分析表明,绿原酸含量与PAL活性显著负相关,芸香苷含量与PPO和POD活性极显著正相关,莨菪亭含量与PAL、PPO和POD活性的相关性不显著。雪茄烟叶晾制过程中,将凋萎期、变色期、定色期、干筋期温度分别控制在28,33,38和38℃,烟叶内的PAL、PPO和POD活性均较高,绿原酸、芸香苷和莨菪亭等主要酚类物质含量适中,且该处理下晾制后烟叶糖含量和糖碱比较高,淀粉和蛋白质含量最低,氮碱比较低,内在化学成分较为协调。【结论】晾制期间合理调控温度有利于提高烟叶的抗氧化能力,促进烟叶内多酚类物质的合理转化,改善烟叶酶促棕色化反应,提高雪茄烟叶的可用性。
【Objective】In order to provide reference for the regulation of cigar tobacco leaf quality,the effect of temperature on polyphenols metabolism of cigar tobacco leaf during airing was analyzed to provide reference for regulation of cigar tobacco leaf quality.【Method】Taking the main cigar variety of Dexue No.1 as the test material,was planted under the three airing temperature treatments of low temperature,medium temperature and high temperature,the changes of the main polyphenols contents and the activities of phenylalanine ammonialyase(PAL),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),and peroxidase(POD)of fresh leaves at withering stage,yellowing stage,fixing stage and dry tending stage during airing were measured.And the correlations between polyphenols of cigar tobacco leaves and related enzyme activities were analyzed.The chemical compositions of tobacco leaves with different treatments after air-curing were also determined.【Result】The chlorogenic acid and rutin contents of cigar tobacco leaves increased first and then decreased,and while the content of scopoletin content showed a monotonous downward trend during airing.The activities of PAL,PPO and POD showed a single peak curve,but the time to peak was at different times.Correlation analysis of tobacco polyphenols contents and related enzyme activities showed that the content of chlorogenic acid was significantly and negatively correlated with PAL activity,and rutin content was had extremely significantly positively correlated correlation with PPO and POD activities,and the content of scopoletin was not significantly correlated with PAL,PPO and POD activities.During air curing of cigar leaves,when the temperature in the withering stage,yellowing stage,fixing stage and dry tending stage were controlled at 28,33,38,and 38℃,the activities of PAL,PPO and POD were the highest,and the contents of main polyphenols were moderate.Under these treatments,the sugar content and sugar-nicotine ratio of tobacco leaves were higher,the contents of starch and protein were the lowest,the nitrogen-nicotine ratio was lower,and the chemical components were suitable.【Conclusion】Regulating the temperature in a certain range stages can improve the antioxidant capacity,promote rational transformation of polyphenols,ameliorate the enzymatic browning reaction and increase the availability of tobacco leaves.
作者
卢绍浩
张嘉雯
赵喆
钟秋
张瑞娜
赵铭钦
LU Shaohao;ZHANG Jiawen;ZHAO Zhe;ZHONG Qiu;ZHANG Ruina;ZHAO Mingqin(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China;Deyang Branch of Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company,Deyang,Sichuan 618400,China)
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期18-26,共9页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
中国烟草总公司四川省公司科技项目(SCYC201809)。
关键词
雪茄烟叶
晾制温度
多酚类物质
烟叶调制
cigar tobacco leaf
air curing temperature
polyphenols
tabacco curing
