摘要
运用ArcGIS软件与DPS软件,结合世界银行数据库与《非洲统计年鉴》等,分析21世纪以来非洲跨国移民空间格局及其对FDI影响,结果表明:基于目的地国、原籍国的跨国移民分别集中于北非地区与撒哈拉以南的非洲,其中前者呈现以“摩洛哥-埃及-苏丹”为中心的集聚格局,而后者先以科特迪瓦最为集中,随后逐渐被南非所取代;北非地区FDI分布最为集中且增长稳定,南非、东非、西非和中非四大分区FDI较少且随着时间的推移而日趋平衡;相比基于原籍国的跨国移民,基于目的地国的跨国移民重心与FDI重心重叠性与一致性均较高,即基于目的地国的跨国移民对FDI吸引力更强,这与灰色关联分析法得到的研究结论一致。
Many studies have proved that there is a good interaction between transnational migration and foreign direct investment.As FDI in Africa has been growing rapidly since the beginning of the 21st century,the problems still need to be solved:what is the role of transnational migration in this process,and what is the spatial influence pattern of transnational immigrants from different flows and countries on FDI.The spatial pattern of transnational migration and its influence on FDI were analyzed by adopting the software of ArcGIS and DPS based on the World Bank Database and African Statistical Yearbook in Africa since the beginning of the 21st century.The results show that the transnational migrants by country of origin or destination are concentrated in North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa respectively,the former gradually forms an agglomeration pattern of immigrants centered on"Morocco-Egypt-Sudan"while the latter is most concentrated in C?te d′Ivoire but gradually replaced by South Africa.FDI is most heavily concentrated in North Africa,but relatively less in South Africa,East Africa,West Africa and Central Africa;and the difference between South Africa,East Africa,West Africa and Central Africa decreases as time goes on.The spatial overlapping of gravity center between transnational migrants by country of destination and FDI is always in a low and stable fluctuation trend,but the center of transnational migration by the country of origin is far away from the center of FDI,with a large fluctuation range,and at the same time,the center of FDI migration is more complex and the migration distance and rate are the most important,showing an overall migration trend from southeast to northwest.The spatial coupling process of gravity center between African transnational migration and FDI shows a wave-style trend that the coupling curve of their gravity centers firstly moves in one direction and then in reverse,while compared with transnational migrants by country of origin,the value of the spatial overlapping and consistency index between transnational migrants by country of destination and FDI is higher,showing that the transnational migration by country of destination has slightly higher attraction to FDI,which is consistent with the results of Grey Correlation Analysis.
作者
姜海宁
张文忠
张建珍
段健
JIANG Haining;ZHANG Wenzhong;ZHANG Jianzhen;DUAN Jian(College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,Zhejiang,China;Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《地理研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期725-742,共18页
Geographical Research
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41971160,42001128)
浙江省自然科学基金一般项目(LY19D010009)。
关键词
跨国移民
FDI
空间格局
灰色关联分析
非洲
transnational migration
FDI
spatial pattern
Grey Correlation Analysis
Africa
