摘要
为探明紫色土坡耕地不同绿肥覆盖对柑橘园径流和养分流失的阻控效应,在田间径流小区设置黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)、光叶苕子(Vicia villosa Roth var.)、二月兰(Orychophragmus violaceus)和清耕对照4个处理,定量监测了在自然降雨条件下不同处理的径流及氮磷养分流失量。结果表明,与清耕对照相比,周年内绿肥覆盖可显著降低8.7%~27.0%的地表径流量、30.1%~50.6%总氮流失量和32.4%~62.9%总磷流失量。绿肥覆盖对径流和养分的阻控效应在不同品种间存在差异,整体表现为黑麦草>光叶苕子>二月兰。与清耕对照相比,黑麦草覆盖使径流中总氮、可溶性氮、硝态氮和铵态氮的流失总量分别减少50.6%,47.0%,49.5%和48.1%;总磷、可溶性磷和磷酸盐流失总量分别减少62.9%,62.6%和62.6%。此外,绿肥覆盖对不同形态养分的阻控效应也有所不同,其径流液中以可溶性氮和颗粒态磷的流失占比最大,分别占总氮和总磷的59.6%~67.0%和68.6%~71.8%。综上,绿肥覆盖栽培能有效降低紫色土坡耕地柑橘园径流及氮磷的流失,其中以覆盖栽培黑麦草和光叶苕子较好。研究结果为紫色土坡耕地柑橘园水土保育和面源污染防治提供了依据。
In order to explore the effects of different green manure cover on the runoff and nutrient loss of the citrus orchard on the purple soil slope farmland,four treatments(Lolium perenne L.,Vicia villosa Roth var,Orychophragmus violaceus,and clean tillage control)were set up to quantitatively monitor the runoff and nitrogen and phosphorus loss of different treatments under natural rainfall conditions.The results showed that compared with the clean tillage control,green manure cover significantly reduced the surface runoff by 8.7%~27.0%,total nitrogen loss by 30.1%~50.6%,and total phosphorus loss by 32.4%~62.9%.However,the effects of green manure cover on runoff and nutrient control were different among different varieties,and the trend of overall performance was Lolium perenne L.>Vicia villosa Roth var.>Orychophragmus violaceus.Compared with clean tillage control,Lolium perenne L.treatment reduced the total loss of total nitrogen,soluble nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,and ammonium nitrogen in runoff by 50.6%,47.0%,49.5%,and 48.1%respectively;total phosphorus,soluble phosphorus,and total loss of phosphate was reduced by 62.9%,62.6%,and 62.6%respectively.In addition,the effect of green manure cover on different nutrient forms were also different,and the loss of soluble nitrogen and particulate phosphorus in the runoff were the largest,accounting for 59.6%~67.0%and 68.6%~71.8%of total nitrogen and total phosphorus,respectively.In summary,green manure cover cultivation can effectively reduce the runoff and nitrogen and phosphorus loss of citrus orchards on purple soil sloping farmland.Among them,Lolium perenne L.and Vicia villosa Roth var.cover were the best.Taken together,our results provide reference for water and soil conservation and non-point source pollution prevention and control in citrus orchards on purple soil slope farmland.
作者
刘瑞
张宇亭
王志超
张学良
谢军
张建伟
徐文静
石孝均
LIU Rui;ZHANG Yuting;WANG Zhichao;ZHANG Xueliang;XIE Jun;ZHANG Jianwei;XU Wenjing;SHI Xiaojun(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;Academy of Agricultural Science,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716)
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期68-74,共7页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家绿肥产业体系项目(CARS-22-G-13)。
关键词
绿肥
紫色土坡耕地
柑橘园
地表径流
氮磷流失
green manure
purple soil slope farmland
citrus orchard
surface runoff
nitrogen and phosphorus loss
