摘要
【目的】榫卯结构尺寸的确定是编写榫卯数控加工代码的前提,也是实现榫卯数控加工的基础,但现有的通过反复修改榫卯几何模型确定榫卯尺寸的方式,效率低、难度高,严重影响了榫卯数字化加工的发展。因此,有必要设计一种榫卯尺寸智能化确定的方法。【方法】以改良型格肩榫为例,首先利用参数化的设计思想,建立格肩榫的数学模型并提取了格肩榫尺寸参数;然后根据榫卯装配体零件的特征,基于装配约束,从位置关系和配合关系两个角度,建立格肩榫尺寸参数间的关系函数;再基于工艺约束,从数控加工方式、市场调研结果和工艺知识这3个方面,确定部分尺寸的取值范围和预设参考值,并建立尺寸参数与工艺约束间的关联函数;最后,以零件的断面尺寸为输入参数,整合关联函数、取值范围和预设参考值,建立尺寸参数关联函数表。【结果】通过建立榫卯数学模型,提取了榫卯各类尺寸参数;根据榫卯装配和工艺约束,成功建立了榫卯尺寸参数间的函数关联,并获取了尺寸参数的取值范围和预设推荐值;通过建立尺寸参数关联函数表,实现了只需输入榫卯零件的断面尺寸,系统就可以自动输出榫卯其他尺寸参数值。【结论】在装配和工艺两方面综合约束函数基础上建立的榫卯尺寸智能确定方法,是对榫卯工艺知识的数字化整理和重用,不仅能实现榫卯尺寸的智能确定,也为实现榫卯乃至实木加工的智能制造提供了基础条件。
[Objective]The determination of dimensions of mortise and tenon joint is the premise of editing NC(numerical control)codes of mortise and tenon joint.It is also the foundation of realizing CNC(computer numerical control)machining of mortise and tenon joint.But the existing method of determining the dimensions of mortise and tenon joint by modifying the geometric models repeatedly is low efficiency and high difficulty,which has seriously affected the development of digital machining of mortise and tenon joint.Therefore,it is necessary to design an intelligent method of determining dimension of mortise and tenon joint.[Method]This paper takes a modified lattice shoulder tenon as example.In the first,the mathematical models of lattices shoulder tenon were established and the dimension parameters of latticed shoulder tenon were extracted by parametric design ideas.Secondly,the correlation functions between dimension parameters of lattice tenon were established based on assembly constraints,which included two perspectives:position relation and match relation.Then,the correlation functions between dimension parameters and process constraints were established,and value ranges and preset values of part dimensions were settled based on process constraints,which included three aspects:NC machining technology,market research and process knowledge.Finally,taking the end dimensions of parts as the input parameters,integrating with associated functions,value ranges,and preset values,the relevant parameter function table was established.[Result]By establishing the mathematical model of mortise and tenon joint,the dimension parameters of mortise and tenon joint were extracted.According to the assembly and process constraints of mortise and tenon joint,the correlation functions between dimension parameters were established successfully,and the value ranges and the default values were obtained.By founding the correlation function table of dimension parameters,the system can automatically output other dimension parameters by just inputting the crosssection dimensions of the mortise and tenon parts.[Conclusion]The intelligent method of determining dimension of mortise and tenon joint was established on the combination of assembly and process constraints,that was also the scientific arrangement and reuse of process knowledge.This method can not only help to realize the intelligent determination of dimension,but also provide basic condition for intelligent manufacturing of mortise and tenon joints,even solid wood furniture processing.
作者
汤琳
关惠元
Tang Lin;Guan Huiyuan(College of Art and Design,Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology,Nanjing 210046,Jiangsu,China;College of Furnishings and Industrial Design,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《北京林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期145-154,共10页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金
南京工业职业技术大学引进人才专项科研项目(2020SKYJ01)。
关键词
榫卯
尺寸设计
参数化
智能确定
装配约束
工艺约束
mortise and tenon joint
dimension design
parameterization
intelligent determination
assembly constraint
process constraint
