摘要
应用扫描电镜技术、植纹鉴定技术和石蜡切片法对两种野豌豆属植物:山野豌豆(Vicia amoena)和大叶野豌豆(V.pseudo-orobus)叶片作比较解剖学研究,旨在了解其种间叶片结构差异及其生态适应性,为野豌豆属植物资源保护及园林应用提供理论依据。结果表明,两种野豌豆叶片均为异面型;气孔突出,为无规则型且主要分布在下表皮;栅栏薄壁组织1层,海绵薄壁组织发达;主脉由机械组织、基本组织和维管束构成;山野豌豆表皮细胞垂周壁类型为浅波状、C型,气孔长宽比较小,叶片表现较原始;角质层较薄,纹饰为线状、颗粒状;无表皮毛;栅栏薄壁组织较薄,海绵薄壁组织有明显胞间隙,耐阴性较强;大叶野豌豆表皮细胞垂周壁类型为深波状、F型,气孔长宽比较大,叶片表现较进化;角质层较厚,纹饰为线状、脊状,下表皮细胞较厚,有单细胞表皮毛,气孔指数、气孔密度、栅海比和细胞结构紧密度较大,细胞结构疏松度较小,主脉及维管束较发达,抗旱性、抗虫性和抗寒性较强。研究表明,两种野豌豆属植物叶片表现出的结构特征是对生境条件长期适应的结果。
Scanning electron microscopic techniques,planting identification techniques and paraffin section method were used to compare anatomical structure of two species leaf in Vicia:Vicia amoena and V.pseudo-orobus.The differences in leaf structure and their ecological adaptabilities were studied.The theoretical basis for the classification and garden application of Vicia was provided.The results showed that both species have bifacial leaves;their prominent stomata were anomocytic type and mainly distributed in the lower epidermis.The palisade parenchyma of the leaves of two species was a layer of cells,while the sponge parenchyma was developed.The main vein was composed of machinery tissue,fundamental tissue and vascular bundle.The type of radial walls of epidermal cells in mosaic of V.amoena was shallow wavy type and type C.The ratio of stomata length and width of V.amoena was smaller.Its leaf characteristics of V.amoena was more primitive.Its cuticle was thinner and the cuticular ornamentation was linear and grainy.It had no epidermal hair.The palisade parenchyma was thin and the sponge parenchyma has obvious intercellular spaces.It was more resistant to negatives.The type of radial walls of epidermal cells in mosaic of V.pseudo-orobus was deep wavy type and type F.The ratio of stomata length and width of leaf of V.pseudo-orobus were larger.The leaf characteristics of V.pseudo-orobus were more evolutionary.The cuticle and lower epidermal cells of leaf of V.pseudo-orobus was thicker and its cuticular ornamentation was linear,spined.It has single-celled epidermal hairs.The stomata index,stomata density,cell tense ratio and the ratio of palisade parenchyma and sponge parenchyma of V.pseudo-orobus were larger.Its spongy ratio was smaller.The main vein and vascular bundle of V.pseudo-orobus were more developed,so the drought resistance,insect resistance and cold resistance of V.pseudo-orobus were stronger.The results showed that the leaf morphological structures of two species in Vicia were long-term adaptation to their habitat conditions.
作者
许少祺
刘浩地
李雪
吴青松
张友民
XU Shaoqi;LIU Haodi;LI Xue;WU Qingsong;ZHANG Youmin(College of Horticulture,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Hadashan Water Resources Hub Project Management Service Center in Songyuan City,Songyuan Jilin 138000,China)
出处
《东北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期26-33,共8页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University
基金
吉林省自然科学基金项目(20130101083JC)。
关键词
山野豌豆
大叶野豌豆
叶片
植纹
形态结构
生态适应性
Vicia amoena
Vicia pseudo-orobus
leaf
plant print
morphological structure
ecological adaptability
