摘要
职业格斗赛事是以职业选手为参赛主体,以高水平格斗赛事为商品,以此获得经济效益的专门性体育经济活动。在职业格斗赛事领域,格斗赛事经由类型分化,以及同质性格斗类运动项目的聚类融合,呈现出职业拳击赛事、职业站立格斗赛事和职业综合格斗赛事3大类型赛事并行发展的态势。在职业拳击赛事方面,赛事组织经分化呈现出以WBA、WBC、IBF和WBO这4大职业拳击组织举办的赛事序列演化格局。在职业站立格斗赛事方面,“K-1”时代的更迭先后经历了创立与探索发展阶段、由兴盛而衰落阶段与重建阶段;在后“K-1”时代,“K-1”主导的站立格斗赛事发展格局被打破,呈现出多元竞争与发展的格局。在职业综合格斗赛事方面,以美国“UFC”为主导的职业综合格斗赛事经过了从早期“无限制”赛事向“综合格斗”赛事的转型,从“边缘化”走向中兴。在一定时期内,美国“UFC”将主导国际职业综合格斗赛事的发展,在“UFC”的主导下,职业综合格斗赛事将进一步扩张,并呈现全球化发展之势。
Professional fighting events are specialized sports economic activities,which take professional players as the main participants and high-level fighting events as commodities to obtain economic benefits.In the field of professional fighting events,combat events show the parallel development of three types of events:professional boxing events,professional standing fighting events and professional mixed martial arts events,by the differentiation of types and the clustering and integration of fighting sports of the same personality.In terms of professional boxing competitions,the organization of the competitions has differentiated and presented a sequence evolution pattern hosted by the four major professional boxing organizations of WBA,WBC,IBF and WBO.In the aspect of professional stand-up fighting events,the changes of the“K-1”era have successively experienced the stage of establishment and exploration development,the stage of decline from prosperity and the stage of reconstruction;in the post-“K-1”era,the development pattern of standing fighting events dominated by“K-1”has been broken,showing a pattern of diversified competition and development.In the matter of professional MMA events,the professional MMA events led by the U.S.“UFC”have undergone a transition from an early“unrestricted”to a“MMA”event,and a development road from“marginalization”to“resurgence”.In a certain period of time,the United States“UFC”will dominate the development of international professional MMA matches.Under the domination of“UFC”,professional MMA contests will further expand and show a trend of global development.
作者
梁勤超
李源
朱瑞琪
LIANG Qinchao;LI Yuan;ZHU Ruiqi(School of Physical Education,Chengdu Normal University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130,China;Department of Sociology,University of Cambridge,Cambridge CB23RQ,UK;School of Physical Education,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250061,China;School of Martial Arts,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《首都体育学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期225-232,共8页
Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports
基金
国家社科基金项目(15BTY093)
国家留学基金资助公派剑桥大学博士后项目(201708515016)。
关键词
职业格斗赛事
类型分化
序列演化
职业拳击
站立格斗
综合格斗
professional fighting events
type differentiation
sequence evolution
professional boxing
standing martial arts
mixed martial arts
