摘要
2018年开启的应急管理机构改革是对我国应急管理组织结构的一次整体性重构;机构改革后,在应对跨界突发事件时出现部门职能模糊、跨部门协调困难的难题。本文基于组织设计理论,搭建"职能型-赋能型"的梁柱组织结构研究框架,分析我国应急管理机构改革面临的现实困境。根据该研究框架,面对各种跨界突发事件不断发生、需要进行跨域协作事项日益增多的现实,应急管理机构改革不仅要做大做强"柱",而且要建好建强"梁"。本文研究认为,影响当前我国应急管理机构职能发挥的关键问题,在于应急管理部门"梁"的理想职能定位与"柱"的实际机构设置之间存在结构性矛盾;找回"梁"、建好"梁",是破解我国应急管理机构改革困境的基本策略。具体而言,要设立承担统筹协调职责的国家应急管理委员会,建立统一的应急力量和和资源保障体系,加强跨部门沟通协调制度建设。
The reform of the emergency management organization in 2018 is an overall reconstruction of the organizational structure of China’s emergency management. After the reform, organizational conflicts in the face of transboundary emergencies have been exposed. Based on the organizational design theory, this article builds a framework of "functional-enabling"/"beam-column" structure to analyze the dilemma faced by emergency management organizations. According to this framework, in the face of transboundary emergencies, the reform of emergency management organization should not only make the "column" bigger and stronger, but also build and make the "beam" more enabling. It’s found that, the structural contradiction between the ideal functional design of "beam" and the actual organizational setting of "column" has been the key problem affecting the emergency management system in China. Bring the "beam" back in, by establishing a national emergency management committee, building an emergency response resource reserve and deployment system, and strengthening the legal system of departmental coordination, is argued to be the basic way to solve the dilemma of the emergency management organizational reform in China.
作者
钟开斌
ZHONG Kaibin(National Institute of Emergency Management,Party School of the Central Committee of CPC/r Chinese Academy of Governance,Beijing 100089,China)
出处
《中国软科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期1-10,共10页
China Soft Science
基金
国家社科基金项目“基于‘情景-应对’的城市综合风险治理体系研究”(17BZZ038)
国家自科基金项目“突发事件情境下组织间协同研判行为分析与模式优化研究”(71774098)。
关键词
应急管理
机构改革
梁柱结构
智能型组织
赋能型组织
emergency management
organizational reform
"beam-column"structure
functional organization
enabling organization
