摘要
利用田间试验,研究秋雨季节在黄土高原沟壑区果园行间套种并翻压不同类型油菜对土壤水肥的影响。结果显示,翻压甘蓝型冬性油菜显著降低秋季及翌年3、4月份0~20 cm土层土壤水分含量,土壤速效钾含量显著增加、速效磷含量呈增加趋势;翻压白菜型冬性及春性油菜使当季及翌年3、4月份0~60 cm土层土壤水分含量呈明显的降低趋势,土壤速效钾含量显著增加。与白菜型冬性油菜相比,白菜型春性油菜及甘蓝型冬性油菜单位面积耗水量较小、单位耗水生物学产量较大,且冬前根鲜质量、根与茎叶鲜质量的比值(根/茎叶)和主根长均较小。综上所述,翻压甘蓝型冬性油菜培肥土壤效果显著,且对深层土壤水分含量的影响较小。
The effects of interplanting and different rape plants returning to fileld on soil moisture and soil fertility were studied in orchards of the gully regions of Loess Plateau in autumn rainy season by a field trial.The results showed that,soil water content in 0-20 cm soil profile significantly decreased in autumn.After the plants of winter Brassica napus L.were returned to soil in the orchards in March and April of next year,the soil available potassium content significantly increased,the soil available phosphorus content showed a increasing trend;while the decrease of plants of winter and spring Brassica campestris L.varieties in the orchards significantly decreased the water content at 0-60 cm soil profile in autumn,and increased significantly the available potassium content in the soil in March and April of next year.Compared with the winter Brassica campestris L.variety,the sping Brassica napus L.variety and the winter Brassica campestris L.variety had low water consumption per unit area,but had high biologial water-comsuption per uit area,at the same time,its root fresh mass,fresh mass ratio of the root to the stem and leaves,as well as the main root length were higher.Therefore,plants of winter the Brassica napus L.returning to soil could improve soil fertility significantly in orchards of the Loess Plateau,but had less effect on deeper soil water.
作者
王春丽
杨建利
王周礼
张智
陈文杰
WANG Chunli;YANG Jianli;WANG Zhouli;ZHANG Zhi and CHEN Wenjie(Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期287-294,共8页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
陕西省重点研发计划(2018NY-025)。
关键词
果园套种
油菜
翻压
土壤水分
土壤养分
Inter-planting in orchard
Oilseed rape
Soil-returning
Soil moisture
Soil nutrients
