摘要
目的调查老年病房患者虚弱状况,探讨其影响因素,并评估相应护理管理方案的干预效果。方法对273例老年病房患者虚弱状况进行调查,采用单因素分析及多因素logistic回归分析探讨其影响因素。对虚弱前期及虚弱患者予以针对性管理干预措施,观察干预前后患者Fried虚弱表型(FP)测评量表各项指标变化。结果273例患者,FP量表评估显示,虚弱123例(45.1%),虚弱前期92例(33.7%),无虚弱58例(21.2%);在各个维度上,非自主性体重减轻48例(17.6%)、自我感觉疲劳137例(50.2%)、体力活动量下降192例(70.3%)、握力减退181例(66.3%)、步行速度减慢103例(37.7%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、体重指数(BMI)、居住情况、共病种数、用药种类、IADL评分、抑郁、有营养风险、运动习惯是老年病房患者虚弱前期的影响因素(P<0.05);年龄、BMI、共病种数、用药种类、IADL评分、抑郁、认知障碍、有营养风险、运动习惯是老年病房患者虚弱的影响因素(P<0.05)。干预3个月后,虚弱前期组FP量表中五项指标阳性率均明显降低(P<0.05);虚弱组体力活动量下降、握力减退阳性率明显降低(P<0.05)。结论老年病房患者虚弱发生率较高,早期进行虚弱危险因素的筛查,并及时予以运动锻炼、营养、心理支持等多方面干预,加强管理,对于改善虚弱状态、生活质量有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the weakness status of patients in the geriatric wards,and the to explore its influencing factors,and to evaluate the intervention effects of corresponding nursing management schemes.Methods The weakness status of 273 patients in geriatric wards were investigated.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors.Targeted management interventions were used to observe the changes of related indexes before and after intervention by means of Fried weakness phenotype(FP)assessment scale.Results Of the 273 patients,FP scale assessment showed that there were 123 cases of weakness,92 cases of early weakness and 58 cases of non-weakness.In all dimensions,there were 48 cases of involuntary weight loss,137 cases of self-feeling fatigue,192 cases of decreased physical activity,181 cases of reduced grip strength and 103 cases of slowed walking speed.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that patient’s age,BMI,housing status,number of comorbidities,type of medication,IADL score,depression,nutritional risk and exercise habits were the influencing factors of early weakness of patients in geriatric wards(P<0.05).Moreover patient’s age,BMI,number of comorbidities,type of medication,IADL score,depression,cognitive impairment,nutritional risk and exercise habits were the influencing factors of weakness of patients in geriatric wards(P<0.05).After 3-month intervention,the positive rates of the five indexes according to FP rating scales in early weakness group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),moreover,the incidence rates of decreased physical activity and decreased grip strength were decreased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence rate of weakness is higher in patients in geriatric wards.And to screen early the risk factors of weakness and timely perform intervention measures including exercise,nutrition and psychological support and strengthening management are of great significance for improving the weakness status and life quality of the elderly patients.
作者
卢旦
夏文兰
毕娜
LU Dan;XIA Wenlan;BI Na(Department of Geriatrics,Huadong Hospital Affiliated To Fudan University,Shanghai 200040,China)
出处
《河北医药》
CAS
2021年第5期771-775,共5页
Hebei Medical Journal
基金
复旦大学-复星护理科研基金项目(编号:FNF201630)。
关键词
老年
虚弱
影响因素
geriatric
weakness
influencing factors
