摘要
本试验旨在研究不同精粗比饲粮对育肥前期牦牛生长性能、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响。选取3周岁、体重[(164.9±12.9)kg]相近、体况良好的公牦牛48头,随机分为4组,每组12头。4组牦牛分别饲喂精粗比为35∶55(C35组)、50∶50(C50组)、65∶35(C65组)和80∶20(C80组)的试验饲粮。预试期为15 d,正试期为90 d。结果表明:1)C65和C80组的平均日增重(ADG)和干物质采食量(DMI)显著高于C35组(P<0.05),C35组的料重比(F/G)显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。2)C65和C80组的血清葡萄糖含量显著高于C35和C50组(P<0.05),C65组的血清总蛋白显含量著高于C35组(P<0.05),C65组的血清尿素氮含量显著低于C35和C80组(P<0.05),C80组的血清谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。3)C80组的瘤胃液pH显著低于其他3组(P<0.05),C65组的瘤胃液氨态氮含量显著低于C30和C80组(P<0.05),C80组的瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸含量显著高于其他3组(P<0.05),C35和C80组的瘤胃液乙酸含量显著高于C50和C65组(P<0.05),C65和C80组的瘤胃液丙酸、丁酸和异丁酸含量显著高于C35和C50组(P<0.05),C65组的瘤胃液乙酸/丙酸显著低于其他3组(P<0.05)。综上所述,综合育肥前期牦牛生长性能、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵参数,饲粮精粗比为65∶35时效果最佳。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of diet with different concentrate-roughage ratios on growth performance,serum biochemical indexes and rumen fermentation parameters of yak in early stage of fattening.Forty-eight 3-year-old male yaks with good body condition and similar body weight[(164.9±12.9)kg]were randomly divided into 4 groups with 12 yak per group.Yak in four groups were fed diets with different concentrate-roughage ratios of 35∶65(C35 group),50∶50(C50 group),65∶35(C65 group)and 80∶20(C80 group),respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for 15 days,and the experimental period lasted for 90 days.The results showed as follows:1)the average daily gain(ADG)and dry matter intake(DMI)of C65 and C80 groups were significantly higher than those of C35 group(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio(F/G)of C35 group was significantly higher than that of other 3 groups(P<0.05).2)The serum glucose content of C65 and C80 groups was significantly higher than that of C35 and C50 groups(P<0.05),the serum total protein content of C65 group was significantly higher than that of C35 group(P<0.05),the serum urea nitrogen content of C65 group was significantly lower than that of C35 and C80 groups(P<0.05),and the activities of alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase in serum of C80 group were significantly higher than those of other 3 groups(P<0.05).3)The rumen fluid pH of C80 group was significantly lower than that of other 3 groups(P<0.05),the rumen fluid ammonia nitrogen content of C65 group was significantly lower than that of C30 and C80 groups(P<0.05),the rumen fluid total volatile fatty acid content of C80 group was significantly higher than that of other 3 groups(P<0.05),the rumen fluid acetic acid content of C35 and C80 groups was significantly higher than that of C50 and C65 groups(P<0.05),the contents of propionic acid,butyric acid and isobutyric acid in rumen fluid of C65 and C80 groups were significantly higher than those of C35 and C50 groups(P<0.05),and the rumen fluid acetic acid/propionic acid of C65 group was significantly lower than that of other 3 groups(P<0.05).To sum up,the concentrate-roughage ratio of 65∶35 produces the optimal results according to growth performance,serum biochemical indexes and rumen fermentation parameters of yak in early stage of fattening.
作者
戴东文
王书祥
周振明
王迅
杨英魁
柴沙驼
DAI Dongwen;WANG Shuxiang;ZHOU Zhenming;WANG Xun;YANG Yingkui;CHAI Shatuo(Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences in Qinghai University,Xi’ning 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Plateau Grazing Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Qinghai Province,Xi’ning 810016,China;Yak Engineering Technology Research Center of Qinghai Province,Xi’ning 810016,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期1555-1564,共10页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0502301)
青海省科技厅项目(2020-ZJ-974Q)。
关键词
牦牛
精粗比
生长性能
血清生化指标
瘤胃发酵参数
yak
concentrate-roughage ratio
growth performance
serum biochemical indexes
rumen fermentation parameters
