摘要
以黄河下游为研究区,采用Mann-Kendall检验法、均值差异t法、小波分析法、双累积曲线分析法、累积量斜率变化率法对黄河下游近60 a来实测径流泥沙序列进行变化规律系统分析,定量评价气候变化和人类活动对黄河下游水沙变化的贡献率,以期揭示黄河下游水沙量变化规律及其引起水沙时空演变的影响因素。结果显示:黄河下游水沙量均出现明显下降趋势,且年输沙量比年径流量减少明显;花园口、高村、艾山3个水文站的年径流量均于1985年发生突变,利津水文站年径流量于1979年发生突变,高村、艾山2个水文站的年输沙量均于1997年发生突变,花园口、利津水文站年输沙量分别于1999年、1994年发生突变;各水文站水沙序列存在多时间尺度的周期变化,但变化尺度有所区别;4个水文站的水沙量双累积曲线均发生两次偏转,输沙量平均每年分别减少3.81亿、2.69亿、2.24亿、0.67亿t,减沙量沿程下降;水沙量减少的主导因素是人类活动。
Taking the lower Yellow River basin as the research area,the Mann-Kendall test method,average difference t methods,wavelet analysis,double cumulative curve method and cumulative slope rate change rate method were used to systematically analyze the spatial and temporal variation rules of the measured runoff and sediment sequence data of the lower Yellow River in the past 60 years,with a view to revealing the law of water and sediment changes in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and the influencing factors that cause water and sediment temporal and spatial evolution.The results show that the water and sediment load of the lower Yellow River show a significant downward trend,and the annual sediment yield decreases significantly compared with the annual runoff.The annual runoff of Huayuankou,Gaocun and Aishan stations has an abrupt change in 1985,while that of Lijin station occurs in 1979.The annual sediment load of Gaocun and Aishan has an abrupt change in 1997,while that of Huayuankou and Lijin changes in 1999 and 1994 respectively.The water and sediment sequences of hydrological stations have periodic variations on multiple time scales,but the variation scales are different.The double accumulation curves of the water and sediment volume of hydrological station are deflated twice,and the sediment load volume is decreased by about 381 million t,269 million t,224 million t and 67 million t each year,respectively.Moreover,the sediment reduction volume is decreased along the way.Human activities are the dominant factors in the reduction of runoff and sediment load.
作者
王鸿翔
刘静航
赵颖异
郭文献
WANG Hongxiang;LIU Jinghang;ZHAO Yingyi;GUO Wenxian(North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power,Zhengzhou 450045,China)
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第4期24-29,71,共7页
Yellow River
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51679090,51609085,51779094)
智慧水利河南省高校学科创新引智基地项目(GXJD004)
2019年河南省外国专家局引智项目(201936)
华北水利水电大学研究生教育创新计划基金资助项目(YK2020-08)。
关键词
径流量
输沙量
人类活动
黄河下游
runoff
sediment load
human activities
lower reaches of the Yellow River
