摘要
采用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,对欧美较为流行的青少年运动员发展模型进行归类,将其分为两大类:青少年运动员全面发展模型和专项发展模型,总结概括出各发展模型的优势与劣势,在此过程中发现青少年运动员在不同年龄阶段存在生长发育的"敏感期",因此各体育发展模型的侧重点有所不同。此外,由于体能类和技能类运动项目特征差别甚大,因此在应用青少年运动员发展模型时要注意以下两点要求:(1)尊重青少年身体生长发育规律,抓住其"敏感期";(2)以项目特征为前提,采用适合特定项目的青少年体育发展模型。
As the basis for talent selection of national sports teams,the development of young athletes has attracted much attention.At present,there are many studies and discussions on whether young athletes are fully developed or specialized.Therefore,this article uses the literature data method and logic analysis method to classify the more popular young athlete development models in Europe and America and divides them into two categories:the comprehensive development model and the special development model of the young athletes.Advantages and disadvantages,in this process,it is found that young athletes have different“sensitive periods”of growth and development at different ages,so the focus of each sports development model is different.In addition,due to the great differences in the characteristics of physical fitness and skill sports,the following two requirements should be paid attention to in the application of youth sports development models:(1)Respect the growth and development laws of young people and seize their“sensitive period”.(2)Adopt the project characteristics as the premise to adopt the youth sports development model suitable for this project.The practical transformation of the development of modern young athletes requires new ideas and new leaps.This article is to promote the establishment of the development system and operating mechanism of young athletes with different cognitive paths.
作者
张云天
塔尔加特·阿扎玛提
王子朴
ZHANG Yuntian;TALGAT Azamat;WANG Zipu(Graduate Department of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100191,China;Journal Department of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100191,China)
出处
《南京体育学院学报》
2021年第2期66-72,共7页
Journal of Nanjing Sports Institute
关键词
青少年运动员
全面发展模型
专项化发展模型
young athletes
comprehensive development model
specific development model
