摘要
《论语》中远没有形成真正的“天人合一”思想,但是孔子对“天”的态度已经明晰,他对其神秘性“敬而远之”,对其神圣性则“敬而行之”,体现在天人关系上,则隐含了多层次的“天人合一”思想意蕴,具体包含“天意人承”“天启人合”“天命人成”三个逻辑层次。在“天意人承”层次中,天是外在于人生命活动的神秘之天;“天启人合”层次中,人与天的神圣之德相合;“天命人成”层次中,神圣的天与人之间双向印证、双向成就。三个逻辑层次在文本中相融相就,为后来的“天人合一”思想奠定了基础。经过后世儒者的继承与发展,最终形成了中华民族独特的思维方式,并成就了今天中国担当精神的风貌,兼具理性积极的担当之勇、全面兼顾的担当之智、自觉自愿的担当之乐。
The real idea of "the unity of man and heaven" is far from being formed in The Analects of Confucius,but Confucius’ s attitude towards heaven is clear.He kept a respectful distance from its mystique and acted with respect to its divinity.Reflected in the relationship between man and heaven, it implies a multi-level thought of "the unity of man and heaven",which specifically includes the three logical levels of "Heaven’s will and man’s inheritance","Heaven’s enlightenment and man’s combination","Heaven’s order and man’s success".In the level of "Heaven’s will and man’s inheritance",heaven is the mysterious heaven that lies outside the activity of man’s life;In the level of "Heaven’s enlightenment and man’s combination",human beings are in harmony with the divine virtue of heaven;In the level of "Heaven’s order and man’s success",the sacred heaven and human are both verified and achieved.The integration of the three logical levels in the text has laid a foundation for the later thought of "the unity of man and heaven".Through the inheritance and development of Confucian scholars in later generations, the unique way of thinking of the Chinese nation hao finally formed, and the spirit of taking responsibility of today’s China has been achieved, with the courage of rational and positive responsibility, the wisdom of comprehensive consideration, and the joy of voluntary responsibility.
作者
张乃芳
ZHANG Naifang(School of Marxism,North China Electric Power University,Baoding,Hebei 071003,China)
出处
《河北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期9-16,共8页
Journal of Hebei University(Philosophy and Social Science)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“传统儒家担当精神现代转化与公民核心价值观培育研究”(16BKS099)。
关键词
《论语》
天人合一
儒家
担当精神
The Analects of Confucius
the unity of man and heaven
Confucianism
the spirit of responsibility
