摘要
随着人民生活水平的提高,稻米需求呈现多样化趋势,在产量仍作为重要指标的同时,稻米品质也越来越受到重视。提高产量、改良稻米品质是现代水稻育种的两个主要目标,而水稻粒长不仅是影响水稻产量的重要农艺性状,还与外观品质性状密切相关,细长粒稻米通常表现较好的外观品质,且世界上的大多数地区的消费者更偏爱于长粒型的稻米。因此,改良水稻粒长成为重要的育种目标。水稻粒长是数量性状,遗传机理较为复杂,分析其遗传特点并鉴定水稻籽粒大小相关数量性状位点(QTL)对揭示其遗传机制具有重要意义。随着新一代测序技术和功能基因组学的迅猛发展,有关水稻粒长的研究取得了较大进展,目前已经定位的与水稻粒长相关的QTLs有120多个,并克隆了一些控制粒长的相关基因。就水稻粒长的影响因素、粒长与其他相关性状的关系、QTL定位、重要粒长基因的克隆与功能分析以及粒长基因在分子育种上的应用等方面进行综述,以期为提高水稻产量和改善稻米品质提供参考。
With the improvement of people's living standards,the demand for rice shows a trend of diversification.The quality of rice has been paid more and more attention,while the yield is still an important indicator.Increasing yield and improving quality have been two main goals of modern rice breeding.Rice grain length is not only an important agronomic trait affecting rice yield,but also closely related to appearance quality traits.Slender grain rice usually has better appearance quality,and consumers in most parts of the world would prefer long grain rice.Therefore,improving rice grain length has become a very important goal for breeding.Grain length is a quantitative trait in rice,and its genetic mechanism is also complex.It is important to analyze its genetic characteristics and identify quantitative trait loci(QTL)related to rice grain size.At the same time,with the rapid development of next-generation sequencing technology and functional genomics,the research on rice grain length had made great progress.At present,more than 120 QTLs related to rice grain length had been located,and some genes had been cloned.In this paper,the influencing factors of rice grain length,the relationship between grain length and other related traits,QTL mapping,cloning and functional analysis of important grain length genes,and application of grain length gene in molecular breeding were reviewed in order to provide references for improving rice yield and quality.
作者
张静
李晨
潘大建
陈文丰
孙炳蕊
刘清
吕树伟
江立群
毛兴学
范芝兰
ZHANG Jing;LI Chen;PAN Dajian;CHEN Wenfeng;SUN Bingrui;LIU Qing;LYU Shuwei;JIANG Liqun;MAO Xingxue;FAN Zhilan(Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding,Guangzhou 510640,China)
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
2021年第3期1-10,共10页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
广东省自然科学基金-博士启动纵向协同项目(2018A030310200)
广东省农业科学院院长基金(201926)
广东省农作物种质资源专项(省长专项2018-2019)
广东省科技计划项目(2020B1212060047)。
关键词
水稻
粒长
品质
遗传
功能基因
rice
grain length
quality
inheritance
functional genes
