摘要
利用19612018年山东省26个代表站的降水资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,采用经验正交函数(EOF)分解、相关分析及合成分析等方法,研究了山东冬季降水的空间分布型及其对应的大气环流特征。结果表明,山东冬季降水主要存在6种空间分布型:同多(少)型、南少(多)北多(少)型和东少(多)西多(少)型。东亚大槽是影响山东冬季降水的关键系统:当东亚大槽偏弱时,山东冬季易出现全省性降水偏多;当东亚大槽偏强且向南伸展时,山东冬季降水易出现全省性偏少;当东亚大槽偏强且乌拉尔山至贝加尔湖北侧为明显正高度距平时,山东北部尤其是半岛东北部地区降水易偏多,其他地区易偏少。东亚大槽对山东冬季降水影响存在明显的年代际变化,前期东亚大槽偏弱(强)、山东冬季降水易偏多(少)的关系在1992年以后不能成立。当东亚大槽偏强且贝加尔湖地区高度场明显偏低及我国东南沿海和西太平洋低纬地区高度场升高时,山东冬季降水也易偏多。
Based on the precipitation data from 26 stations in Shandong province and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data during 19612018,the spatial distribution patterns of winter precipitation in Shandong and the corresponding atmospheric circulation characteristics are studied by means of empirical orthogonal function(EOF)decomposition,correlation analysis and composite analysis.The results show that there are mainly six spatial distribution patterns of winter rainfall in Shandong,including the consistent rainfall patterns,the south-north anti-phase rainfall patterns and the east-west anti-phase rainfall patterns.The East Asian trough is the key system affecting winter precipitation in Shandong.When the East Asian trough is weak,more winter rainfall tends to occur over the whole province of Shandong;when the East Asian trough is strong and extends southward,less winter rainfall is often seen over Shandong province;and when the East Asian trough is strong and the geopotential height field from Ural Mountains to the northern side of Baikal Lake is obviously positive anomaly,the northern part of Shandong,especially the northeastern part of peninsula,is prone to receive more precipitation,but the rainfall in other places tends to be less.There are obvious interdecadal variations in the influence of the East Asian trough on winter precipitation in Shandong.In the early period,the relationship that when the East Asian trough is weaker(stronger)the winter rainfall in Shandong province tends to be more(less)cannot be established after 1992.When the strong East Asian trough is combined with the obviously lower height field in the Baikal Lake region and the rising height fields in the southeast coast of China and in the low latitudes of the Western Pacific,the winter rainfall in Shandong also tends to be more.
作者
胡桂芳
伯忠凯
高理
徐玮平
王娜
Hu Guifang;Bo Zhongkai;Gao Li;Xu Weiping;Wang Na(Shandong Climate Center,Ji’nan 250031,China)
出处
《气象与环境科学》
2021年第1期74-80,共7页
Meteorological and Environmental Sciences
基金
山东省气象局重点课题(2016sdqxz02)
山东省气象局面上课题(2015sdqxm06)。
关键词
东亚大槽
冬季降水
年代际变化
East Asian trough
winter rainfall
interdecadal variation
