摘要
回顾了美国、欧盟和俄罗斯等油气管网建设相对成熟国家的天然气管网改革历程、运营管理机制和政策特点,梳理了我国天然气管网和天然气价格改革历程、深化石油天然气体制改革的政策要求及国家管网集团组建历程与发展基础。分析了我国油气管道行业的发展历程和面临形势,目前仍存在油气管网尚不完善、基础设施负荷率不高、公平开放有待加强、储气调峰能力建设较为滞后、基础设施安全性有待提高等问题。“十四五”时期,国家管网集团集中建设优势将会凸显,天然气管网建设仍在快速发展期,LNG和储气调峰设施建设进入快速发展期,原油管网建设进入稳定期,成品油管网建设进入完善期。为了加快油气管网基础设施建设,促进公平开放,需加快完成省级管网融入国家管网,将油气管网基础设施纳入相关规划,简化建设项目审批程序,支持建设项目向地方分税,统一管输油品质量标准,更快促进形成上游油气资源多主体多渠道供应、中间统一管网高效集输、下游销售市场充分竞争的“X+1+X”油气市场体系,提高油气资源配置效率,保障油气安全稳定供应。
This paper reviews the reform experience,operational management mechanism and policy characteristics of the natural gas pipeline networks in the comparatively mature countries in terms of the constructed oil and natural gas pipeline networks,such as the United States,EU countries and Russia.It also elaborates the experience in reform of China’s natural gas pipeline network and natural gas price,the related oil and gas restructuring policies as well as the formation process and development basis of China Oil&Gas Pipeline Network Corporation(PipeChina).The paper analyzes the development process and current situation of China’s oil and gas industry and a series of problems in this sector,such as the oil and gas pipe network to be upgraded,the operational rate of infrastructure remaining at a low level,the deregulation on the equal footing to be enhanced,construction of the peak-adjusting capacity of stored gas left behind,and the safety of infrastructure to be improved.PipeChina will highlight its advantages in concentrated construction during the 14^(th)Five-year Plan period.Construction of the natural gas pipeline network is still under a rapid development stage.Meanwhile construction of LNG and gas peak-adjusting facilities is also under a rapid development stage,construction of crude oil pipeline network under a stable stage and construction of oil products pipeline network under a mature stage.To accelerate construction of oil and gas pipeline network infrastructure and promote deregulation on the equal footing,it is necessary to integrate the pipeline network at the provincial level into the one at the national level,include the infrastructure of oil and gas pipeline network into the related plans,simplify the examination and approval formalities for construction projects,distribute the taxes of construction projects with the localities,and unify the standards on the quality of piped oil products.In addition,it is also necessary to accelerate the“X+1+X”oil and gas market system,namely the upstream oil and gas resources made available through a multiple of channels,the high-efficiency transmission by the unified pipeline network in the middle stream,and the downstream marketing competition,improving the distribution efficiency of oil and gas resources and securing the stable oil and gas supply.
作者
段宝成
刘忠付
王德宁
Duan Baocheng;Liu Zhongfu;Wang Dening(China Oil&Gas Pipeline Network Corporation,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《石油科技论坛》
2021年第1期36-45,共10页
PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FORUM
关键词
油气管网
运营机制
体制改革
“十四五”
国家管网集团
oil and gas pipeline network
operational mechanism
restructuring
the 14^(th)Five-year Plan
PipeChina
