摘要
为了探究新疆呼图壁地区采取地下滴灌方式时紫花苜蓿的适宜磷肥施用量,试验采用随机区组方法,设置0,90,180,270,360 kg/hm2 5个磷酸一铵施磷水平[分别记为P0(对照)、P1、P2、P3、P4],分3次施入,对紫花苜蓿的生产性能和饲用价值相关指标进行测定和分析。结果表明:施磷对紫花苜蓿第1茬和第2茬株高均无显著影响(P>0.05),第3茬株高P3和P4施磷处理显著高于对照(P<0.05);随施磷水平增加,紫花苜蓿第1茬分枝数呈先增加后降低趋势,茎叶比呈递增趋势,施磷对第2,3茬紫花苜蓿的分枝数和茎叶比无规律性影响;与对照相比,较低磷酸一铵施用水平(90,180,270 kg/hm2)对紫花苜蓿干草产量没有显著影响(P>0.05),360 kg/hm2磷酸一铵施用量可显著提高紫花苜蓿干草总产量(P<0.05);适宜磷酸一铵施用量可降低紫花苜蓿酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量,提高紫花苜蓿相对饲用价值,随施磷量增加紫花苜蓿相对饲用价值相关指标(总可消化养分、干物质消化率、干物质摄入量、相对饲喂价值)呈现先增加后降低趋势。说明在地下滴灌方式下,施磷主要通过调控紫花苜蓿的分枝数和茎叶比影响牧草产量;整个生长季360 kg/hm2磷酸一铵施用量可显著提高紫花苜蓿总干草产量,180 kg/hm2磷酸一铵施用量可获得最佳的饲用价值。
In order to explore the appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer for alfalfa using the underground drip irrigation in Hutubi area of Xinjiang Province, the random block method was adopted in this experiment, and 5 levels of monoammonium phosphate to be applied, including 0,90,180,270,360 kg/hm2(denoted as P0,P1,P2,P3 and P4 repectively),were divided into 3 application rounds. The production performance and forage value of alfalfa were measured and were analyzed. The results showed that phosphorus application had no significant effect on the plant heights of alfalfa in the first crop and the second crop(P>0.05). The plant height P3 and P4 in the third crop were significantly higher than that in the CK(P<0.05);with the increase of phosphorus application level, the number of alfalfa branches in the first crop first increased and then decreased with showing an increasing trend of the stem-leaf ratio, while in the second and third crops, phosphorus application had irregular effect on the number of branches and stem-leaf ratio of alfalfa. Compared with the CK, Lower monoammonium phosphate application levels(90,180,270 kg/hm2) had no significant effect on the yield of alfalfa hay(P>0.05),and the application level of 360 kg/hm2 monoammonium phosphate could significantly increase the total yield of alfalfa hay(P<0.05). The appropriate dosage of monoammonium phosphate can reduce the acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber content of alfalfa, and increase the relative forage value(total digestible nutrients, digestible drymatter, dry matter intake, relative feed value) of alfalfa. With the increase of phosphorus application, the relative forage value of alfalfa showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The results suggested that under the subsurface drip irrigation method, phosphorus application mainly affected the forage yield by regulating the number of branches and stem-leaf ratio of alfalfa;the application level of 360 kg/hm2 monoammonium phosphate during the whole growing season could significantly increase the total hay yield of alfalfa, and 180 kg/hm2 monoammonium phosphate application level could obtain the best forage value.
作者
张树振
陈述明
黄利春
隋晓青
李瑶
李天兰
张博
ZHANG Shuzhen;CHEN Shuming;HUANG Lichun;SUI Xiaoqing;LI Yao;LI Tianlan;ZHANG Bo(College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences/Key Laboratory of Western Arid Region Grassland Resource and Ecology of Ministry of Education,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Horqin Research Institute of Agricultural Science,Horqin 137713,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第5期107-111,共5页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
国家牧草产业技术体系项目(CARS34)
新疆维吾尔自治区科技精准扶贫专项(2018C01027)
新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2016S048)。
关键词
紫花苜蓿
地下滴灌
磷肥
产量
饲用价值
alfalfa
subsurface drip irrigation
phosphorus fertilizer
yield
forage value
