摘要
根据我国现行旨在发展基础研究的科技计划,提出自由探索型和需求攻关型两种基础研究管理模式。基于CNKI数据库中国家自然科学基金与国家重点基础研究发展计划(“973计划”)发文数据构建科研合作网络,从宏观网络整体、中观网络成分和微观基元模体3个尺度,总结我国基础研究的4种科研合作模式,并对比分析两种管理模式的优缺点。结果表明,需求攻关型管理模式具有更多平衡型和流线型科研合作模式,自由探索型具有更多单点型、流线型和核心型科研合作模式,两种管理模式均需要大幅提升科研合作广度与深度;需求攻关型可以补短板但应对未来不确定性的能力不足,自由探索型可以应对不确定性但无法快速修补短板,两者分别作为长短期方案结合使用才能解决我国基础研究的“卡脖子”问题。
According to the current policies for the development of basic research,two management patterns including free exploration and demand-oriented are proposed.We build scientific collaboration networks,based on the published data of the NSFC and 973 Program in the CNKI database.Four scientific collaboration modes are concluded for basic research from three scales.A comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages are made under the two management patterns.We find that the demand-oriented management mode leads to more balanced and linear types of scientific collaboration,while the free exploration management mode leads to more one-node,linear,and central type of scientific collaboration.Two management modes need to boost the breadth and depth of scientific collaboration,demand-oriented management mode can make up shortages but lacks the ability to cope with future uncertainty,free exploration management mode can deal with the uncertainty but is unable to quickly make up shortages,respectively as short-and long-term solutions used in combination to solve the current problems in basic research.
作者
董金阳
刘铁忠
董平
鲁云蒙
Dong Jinyang;Liu Tiezhong;Dong Ping;Lu Yunmeng(School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;Business School, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519088, China)
出处
《科技进步与对策》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第8期1-8,共8页
Science & Technology Progress and Policy
基金
国家科技重大专项项目(GFZX01020205)。
关键词
基础研究
科研合作网络
模体分析
成分分析
多层次对比分析
Basic Research
Scientific Collaboration Network
Motif Analysis
Component Analysis
Multi-scale Comparison
