摘要
通过以蔬菜硫基稳定性复合肥替代普通化肥作为微生物菌剂的增效载体,研究了蔬菜硫基稳定性复合肥减量对灌漠土地区露地莴笋生长及品质的影响。采用田间试验方法,设置6个处理:不施肥料(CK)、当地习惯施肥处理(CF)、100%稳定性复合肥化肥(T_(100))、80%稳定性复合肥化肥+菌剂(T_(80))、60%稳定性复合肥化肥+菌剂(T_(60))和40%稳定性复合肥化肥+菌剂(T_(40)),测定莴笋莲座期和成熟期植物学特征指标及品质指标,并计算肥料贡献率和可塑性指数。结果表明:在添加60 kg·hm^(-2)微生物菌剂的基础上,稳定性复合肥减量40%以下不会对莴笋的生长形成抑制作用,反而可促进单株质量增加9.94%~11.57%、产量增长2.77%~10.27%,并且可有效提高莴笋Vc含量2.29%~10.23%,提高可溶性蛋白质含量1.11%~1.38%,降低硝酸盐含量14.13%~17.05%。其中,T60处理表现最好,较CF处理根、茎、叶干物质积累量分别增加了17.38%、5.77%和31.24%,单株重增加11.57%,产量增加10.27%,肥料贡献率提高了7.16%,Vc提高2.29%,可溶性蛋白质含量提高1.38%,硝酸盐含量降低17.05%。基于本试验条件下荒漠土露地莴笋生产中适宜的减肥措施为720 kg·hm^(-2)稳定性长效复合肥添加60 kg·hm^(-2)微生物肥。
In order to solve the adverse effect of excessive fertilizer application on yield and quality of open-field lettuce in irrigated desert areas,the effects of reducing the compound fertilizer of vegetable sulfate-based stability on the growth and quality of open-field lettuce were studied by using the compound fertilizer of sulfate-based stability instead of common fertilizer as the carrier of microbial agents.Six treatments were set up by a field experiment including no fertilizer(CK),local habit fertilizer treatment(CF),100%stability compound fertilizer(T_(100)),80%stability compound fertilizer added microbial agents(T_(80)),60%stability compound fertilizer added microbial agents(T_(60)),and 40%stability compound fertilizer added microbial agents(T_(40)).The botanical characteristic index and quality index of lettuce in rosette stage and maturity stage were determined,and the fertilizer contribution efficiency and plasticity index were calculated.The results showed that,on the basis of adding 60 kg·hm^(-2) microbial agent,the dosage of stable compound fertilizer reduced no moere than 40%could not inhibit the growth of asparagus lettuce,but it promoted the weight of single plant increased by 9.94%~11.57%,the yield increased by 2.77%~10.27%,the content of Vc increased by 2.29%~10.23%,the content of soluble protein increased by 1.11%~1.38%,and the content of nitrate reduced by 14.13%~17.05%.The T60 treatment had the best performance.Compared with CF,the dry matter accumulation of roots,stems,and leaves increased by 17.38%,5.77%,and 31.24%,the plant weight increased by 11.57%,the yield increased by 10.27%,the contribution rate of fertilizer increased by 7.16%,Vc content increased by 2.29%,soluble protein content increased by 1.38%,and nitrate content decreased by 17.05%.Based on the results of the one-year test,the appropriate fertilizer reduction measure in the production of lettuce in desert soil under the experimental conditions was 720 kg·hm^(-2) stable long-acting compound fertilizer adding 60 kg·hm^(-2) microbial fertilizer.
作者
蒯佳琳
马彦霞
侯栋
张玉鑫
姚拓
于庆文
KUAI Jialin;MA Yanxia;HOU Dong;ZHANG Yuxin;YAO Tuo;YU Qingwen(Institute of Vegetables, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China;College of Grass Industry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China)
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期24-30,共7页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0201204)
国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-25-48)
农业农村部西北地区蔬菜科学观测试验站项目(2015-A2621-620321-G1203-066)。
关键词
莴笋
稳定性复合肥
微生物菌剂
配施
产量
品质
lettuce
stabilized compound fertilizer
microbial agent
combined application
growth
quality
