摘要
以辽河流域为研究对象,基于密度浮选原理,结合体视显微镜及显微红外光谱(μ-FTIR),对辽河流域土壤中微(中)塑料的形貌、丰度及分布特征进行了系统地研究,并合理推测了影响微(中)塑料分布的主要因素及潜在来源.结果表明,土壤微(中)塑料平均丰度为(145.83±211.46)n·kg^(-1).微(中)塑料以碎片(46.00%)、<1000μm(39.57%)、聚丙烯(PP)(41.71%)和白色(46.86%)为主.其中,聚乙烯(PE)主要形状是薄膜和碎片(96.91%),PP主要形状是碎片(85.62%),聚苯乙烯(PS)主要形状是泡沫,人造丝(Rayon)、聚酯纤维(PES)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)微(中)塑料以纤维状为主(>85%).工业活动(快递公司、塑料厂、服装厂)、农业活动(地膜覆盖、污水灌溉、污泥堆肥)、人口密度和污水处理厂等都可能会导致土壤中微(中)塑料丰度的较高水平.污水排放及其灌溉、塑料制品(农药瓶、化肥包装袋、塑料农膜、编织袋等)和用于装饰、包装、运输的泡沫材料等是辽河流域土壤中微(中)塑料的潜在来源.
With the Liaohe River basin as the research object,the morphology,abundance,and distribution characteristics of micro(meso)plastics of soil in Liaohe River basin were studied based on the density flotation principle and the technique of stereo microscope and micro-FTIR and the significant factors affecting the distribution of the micro(meso)plastics and their potential sources were reasonably speculated.The results indicated that the average abundance of the soil micro(meso)plastic is(145.83±211.46)n·kg^(-1).The most abundant types of micro(meso)plastics are debris(46.00%),<1000μm(39.57%),PP(41.71%),and white(46.86%).Among them,Rayon,PES,and PET micro(meso)plastics are primarily in the shape of fibrous(>85%),PE is mostly in the shape of film and fragments(96.91%),PP is mainly in the shape of fragments(85.62%),and PS is primarily in the shape of foam.Industrial activities(express delivery companies,plastic factories,and clothing factories),agricultural activities(plastic mulch,sewage irrigation,and sludge composting),population density,and sewage treatment plants,etc,may lead to higher levels of micro(meso)plastic abundance in the soil of the study area.Plastic products(pesticide bottles,chemical fertilizer packaging bags,woven bags,and plastic agricultural films),sewage discharge and irrigation,and foam materials used for packaging and decoration are the potential sources of soil micro(meso)plastic in the region.
作者
韩丽花
徐笠
李巧玲
陆安祥
殷敬伟
田佳宇
HAN Li-hua;XU Li;LI Qiao-ling;LU An-xiang;YIN Jing-wei;TIAN Jia-yu(Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Monitoring,Beijing 100097,China;School of Science,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期1781-1790,共10页
Environmental Science
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2018ZX07601003)
北京市优秀人才青年骨干项目
北京市农林科学院创新能力建设项目(KJCX20180406)。
关键词
微(中)塑料
辽河流域
土壤
污染特征
潜在来源
micro(meso)plastic
Liaohe River basin
soil
pollution characteristics
potential sources
