摘要
研究大型露天煤矿典型植被恢复模式下土壤碳、氮组分特征,为深入理解露天煤矿高压实复垦土壤碳、氮固持过程及复垦土壤成土过程提供依据。以黄土区典型露天煤矿—平朔露天煤矿的复垦24a的刺槐-油松混交林(RP)、刺槐纯林(RM)、白杆-青杆-沙棘混交林(PPH)、沙棘纯林(HM)4种典型植被恢复模式样地及未复垦样地(UR)、原地貌样地(UD)为研究对象,采集0~20 cm表层土壤样品,分析土壤碳、氮组分特征。结果表明:1)经过24a演替,复垦土壤理化性质得到明显提高,但各样地间土壤理化性质明显显著。2)同UR样地相比,RP、RM和PPH样地的土壤有机碳含量分别提高594.03%、158.66%、99.25%;RP和PPH样地的微生物生物量碳则分别提高174.68%、209.34%;RP和HM样地的水溶性碳分别提高110.13%、82.99%;RP、RM样地的易氧化碳含量则分别为UR样地的35.55倍和7倍。3)与UR样地相比,RP、RM、PPH、HM样地的土壤全氮含量分别提高413.24%、250.00%、100%和82.35%;RP、PPH、HM样地的水溶性氮含量分别提高206.33%、153.02%、99.95%;PPH样地的微生物生物量氮含量提高368.07%。4)复垦土壤碳、氮组分之间呈现正相关关系,但与全钾呈现显著负相关(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,土地复垦显著提高了土壤碳、氮组分含量,尤以刺槐-油松混交林效果较好,但复垦24a后,矿区土壤可能存在钾限制的现象。
Soil labile carbon and nitrogen play a key role in the sequestration and pedogenic process,thereby shaping biogeochemical nutrient cycling in a large-scale open cast coal mine.Taking the forest of Robiniapseudoacacia-Pinustabulaeformis mixed forest(RP),Robiniapseudoacacia monoculture forest(RM),Piceameyeri Rehd-PiceawilsaniiHippophaerhamnoides mixed forest(PPH),and Hippophaerhamnoides monoculture forest(HM)as research objects,this study aims to investigate the soil carbon and nitrogen fractions in the Pingshuo opencast coal mine,China.Four forests were the typical 24-year reclamation patterns in the Loess Plateau.Soil samples were collected from the soil surface of 0-20 cm in the reclaimed forests.The control samples were from the unreclaimed site and undisturbed forest.The results showed that:1)Physical and chemical properties of reclaimed soils were significantly improved after 24 years of succession,compared with the unreclaimed soil.Several physicochemical indices of Robiniapseudoacacia-Pinustabulaeformis mixed forest exceeded those of the undisturbed forest.Nevertheless,there were significant differences in the physical and chemical properties of the 6 reclaimed plots.2)Reclamation accelerated the recovery rates of soil organic carbon fractions in reclaimed soils.Compared to the UR,soil organic carbon from RP、RM and PPH were 594.03%,158.66%and 99.25%higher,respectively;microbial biomass carbon from RP and PPH increased 174.68%,209.34%,respectively;dissolved organic carbon from RP and HM were 110.13%、82.99%higher,respectively;Easily oxidizable carbon from RP and HM were 35.55 and 7 folds,respectively.3)Reclamation promoted the contents of soil nitrogen fractions.Compared to the UR,soil nitrogen from RP、RM、PPH and HM were 413.24%、250.00%、100%、82.35%higher,respectively;water-soluble nitrogen from RP,PPH and HM increased 206.33%、153.02%、99.95%,respectively;microbial biomass nitrogen from PPH was 368.07%higher.4)There was a positive correlation between carbon and nitrogen fractions(P<0.05),but a significant negative correlation(P<0.05)was found among total potassium(TK)and carbon and nitrogen fractions.Overall,the results showed that reclamation facilitated the sequestration of soil organic carbon and nitrogen fractions,and R.pseudoacacia-P.tabulaeformis mixed forest performed the best.However,a limitation of potassium may hinder the succession of reclaimed soil after 24 years of reclamation in Pingshuo opencast coal mine.
作者
原野
高国卿
高嫄
赵艺芳
赵中秋
Yuan Ye;Gao Guoqing;Gao Yuan;Zhao Yifang;Zhao Zhongqiu(School of Public Administration,Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Taiyuan 030006,China;Center of Land Reclamation in Mining Area,Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Taiyuan 030006,China;School of Land Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期167-174,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(41907408)
山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0496)。
关键词
复垦
土壤
有机碳
碳组分
氮组分
露天煤矿
reclamation
soils
organic carbon
organic carbon fractions
organic nitrogen fractions
opencast coal mine
