摘要
目的探讨宁夏农村部分地区精神发育迟滞儿童家庭照顾者的负担现况及其影响因素,为减轻其照顾者负担、完善地区精神卫生服务提供参考。方法采用方便抽样,以农村地区确诊的44名精神发育迟滞儿童及同地区智力正常且无其他严重疾病的88名正常儿童的照顾者为研究对象,使用中文版Zarit照顾者负担量表、社会支持评定量表、赫氏期望量表收集照顾负担及可能的影响因素。面对面问答,由统一培训调查员填写问卷收集资料。结果患儿组照顾者总负担得分为(43.05±12.72)分,50%调查对象处于中、重度水平,且患儿组照顾者负担各维度评分均高于正常组。不同文化程度、职业及身体健康状况照顾者的总负担评分差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);照顾者年龄、社会支持、期望水平及是否有家族史是患儿家庭照顾者负担的影响因素。结论精神发育迟滞儿童照顾负担为中、重度水平,社会支持、期望水平等社会心理因素与照顾负担密切相关,在今后的干预策略制定中应进一步加强社会支持系统的建立。
Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of family caregivers for children with mental retardation in Ningxia rural areas,and provide reference for improving regional mental health services and reducing their burden of caregivers.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a convenient sample including caregivers of 44 children with mental retardation and 88 children with normal intelligence and no other serious disease in rural area in Ningxia province.Chinese version of the Zarit Burden Interview(ZBI),the Social Support Assessment Scale,and the Herth Hope Index(HHI)were used to obtain the burden score of caregivers of patients and their influence factors.Questionnaire data were obtained by face to face interview.Results The overall burden score of caregivers with mental retardation was(43.05±12.72),and about 50.0%of them had moderate to severe burden;the scores of caregivers with mental retardation children were significantly higher than those with normal group.There were statistically significant differences in total burden score of caregivers of different educational level,physical status,and occupation(P all<0.05).Burden score of caregivers of children with retardation was affected significantly by age,social support,expectation level and family history.Conclusion Caregivers for children with mental retardation had medium to severe burden,and social support,hope and other psychosocial factors are closely related to the burden score of caregivers of patient.The establishment of social support systems should be further strengthened in the future.
作者
时小艳
杨森桐
祁娟
宋靓
王志忠
何淑兰
SHI Xiaoyan;YANG Sentong;QI Juan;SONG Liang;WANG Zhizhong;HE Shulan(School of Public Health and Management,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China;Wuzhong Institute of Health Education,Wuzhong 751100,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control,Yinchuan 750004,China)
出处
《宁夏医科大学学报》
2021年第3期282-286,共5页
Journal of Ningxia Medical University
基金
宁夏回族自治区大学生创新创业项目(NXCX2016117)。
关键词
精神发育迟滞
儿童
照顾者负担
社会支持
mental retardation
children
the burden of caregivers
social support
