摘要
【目的】明确不同菌剂处理青贮甘蔗尾叶对山羊瘤胃微生物多样性的影响,为青贮甘蔗尾叶在山羊养殖生产中的应用提供参考依据。【方法】选取72只平均体重24.5 kg的努比亚山羊,随机分为对照组(CK)及3个试验组(T1~T3),每组2个重复,每个重复9只。CK组饲喂自然青贮甘蔗尾叶的全混合日粮(TMR),T1组饲喂经植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、发酵乳杆菌及鼠李糖乳杆菌处理青贮甘蔗尾叶的TMR,T2组饲喂经黑曲霉、枯草芽胞杆菌及米曲霉处理青贮甘蔗尾叶的TMR,T3组饲喂经枯草芽胞杆菌和乳酸片球菌处理青贮甘蔗尾叶的TMR。预试期7 d,试验期42 d。饲喂结束后基于Illumina高通量测序技术探究不同菌剂处理青贮甘蔗尾叶对努比亚山羊瘤胃微生物多样性的影响。【结果】从4个处理组努比亚山羊瘤胃液中最终获得的OUT数量排序为T3组(1637个)>T2组(1603个)>CK组(1576个)>T1组(1560个);各处理组间的Chao1指数排序为T3组>T2组>T1组>CK组,但差异不显著(P>0.05,下同);Shannon指数排序为T3组>T2组>T1组>CK组,其中T3组显著高于CK组和T1组(P<0.05,下同);Simpson指数排序为T1组>CK组>T2组>T3组,各组间差异也不显著。在门分类水平上,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)是努比亚山羊瘤胃液中的绝对优势菌门,拟杆菌门相对丰度为57.50%~65.40%,以T1组的相对丰度最高;厚壁菌门相对丰度为14.39%~24.38%,T3组的相对丰度显著高于其他处理组;蓝藻菌门(Cyanobacteria)也表现为T3组的相对丰度最高。在属分类水平上,普雷沃氏菌属1(Prevotella1)是努比亚山羊瘤胃液中的绝对优势菌属,其对应的相对丰度排序为T3组>T1组>T2组>CK组,但组间差异不显著;未知属f型拟杆菌目RF16菌(Bacteroidales RF16 group_norank)、普雷沃氏菌科UCG-001(Prevotellaceae UCG-001)和解琥珀酸菌属(Succiniclasticum)的相对丰度均表现为T3组显著高于其他处理组。【结论】经枯草芽孢杆菌+乳酸片球菌处理的甘蔗尾叶青贮效果最佳,以其饲喂努比亚山羊可增加瘤胃微生物种群数量及多样性水平,进而提高努比亚山羊瘤胃降解粗纤维的能力及机体对非纤维性碳水化合物的消化能力。
【Objective】The objective of this study was to assess effects of sugarcane tops silage treated by different bacteria on rumen microbial diversity of Nubian goats,and provide reference for sugarcane tops silage application in goat breeding.【Method】A total of 72 Nubian goats whose average weights were 24.5 kg were selected and randomly divided into four groups according to different microbial treatments of sugarcane tops silage in the diet:control group(CK),treatment 1(T1),treatment 2(T2),treatment3(T3),two replicates in each group,nine replicates in each replicate.Goats in the CK group were fed total mixed ration(TMR)which used sugarcane tops silage.The T1 group was supplemented with sugarcane tops silage which added Lactobacillus plantarum,L.casei,L.fermentum and L.rhamnosus.The T2 group was supplemented with sugarcane tops silage which added Aspergillus niger,Bacillus subtilis and A.oryzae.The T3 group was supplemented with sugarcane tops silage which added B.subtilis and Pediococcus lactis.After feeding,the effects of different bacteria on rumen microbial diversity of Nubian goats were investigated based on Illumina high throughput sequencing technology.【Result】Final OUT number from rumen fluid in four treatment groups of Nubian goats was ranked as T3(1637)>T2(1603)>C(1576)>T1(1560);Chao1 index of four groups was ranked as T3>T2>T1>CK,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05,the same below).Shannon index ranked as T3>T2>T1>CK,T3 was significantly higher than CK and T1(P<0.05,the same below).Simpson index ranked as T1>CK>T2>T3,and there was no significant difference among them.At the phylum level,Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were absolute dominant bacteria in Nubian goat tumor gastric fluid,the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was 57.50%-65.40%,and that in T1 was the highest.The relative abundance of Firmicutes was 14.39%-24.38%,that in T3 was significantly higher than other groups.The relative abundance of Cyanobacteria was the highest in T3.At the genus level,Prevotella1 was the absolute dominant bacteria,its relative abundance ranked as T3>T1>T2>CK,but there was no significant difference among them.The relative abundance of Bacteroidales RF16 group_norank,Prevotellaceae UCG-001 and Succiniclasticum in T3 were all significantly higher than other groups.【Conclusion】The sugarcance tops silage which adds B.subtilis and P.lactis has the best effect.It can improve the microbial diversity and abundance of rumen microorganisms in Nubian goat,and improve the ability of rumen in Nubian goat to degrade the crude fiber and non-fibrous carbohydrate.
作者
周俊华
周波
王启芝
周志扬
黄香
罗鲜青
黄丽霞
梁琪妹
何仁春
邹彩霞
ZHOU Jun-hua;ZHOU Bo;WANG Qi-zhi;ZHOU Zhi-yang;HUANG Xiang;LUO Xian-qing;HANG Li-xia;LIANG Qi-mei;HE Ren-chun;ZOU Cai-xia(Animal Husbandry Research Institute of Guangxi,Nanning 530001,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期457-464,共8页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
广西科技计划项目(桂科AB16380175)。
关键词
努比亚山羊
青贮甘蔗尾叶
瘤胃
微生物多样性
菌剂
Nubian goat
sugarcane tops silage
rumen
microbial diversity
microbial inoculum
