摘要
该研究通过整理中国华南地区某奶牛场2017年生产性能测定数据,分析了胎次、泌乳阶段和季节对奶牛产奶量和乳成分的影响及其变化规律。结果表明,胎次对于奶牛的产奶量和各乳成分均有显著影响(P<0.05),产奶量和乳蛋白率在第2胎时高于其他胎次,体细胞数随着胎次的增加而增加;泌乳阶段显著影响奶牛的产奶量和各乳成分(P<0.05),产奶量随着泌乳阶段的增加而呈现出明显的负相关(R^(2)=0.9769),而乳蛋白率(R^(2)=0.9801)、乳脂率(R^(2)=0.9189)、平均尿素氮(R^(2)=0.7332)和体细胞数(R^(2)=0.8318)随着泌乳阶段的增加呈正相关;季节对产奶量和各乳成分均有显著的影响(P<0.05),乳蛋白率和体细胞数在夏、秋季节显著高于冬、春季节,产奶量和乳脂率在冬季达到最高值。综上结果表明,胎次、泌乳阶段和季节可显著影响奶牛生产性能,生产中应注意调节,以期提高华南地区奶牛生产性能和经济效益。
In this study,the effects of parity,lactation stage and season on milk yield and milk composition of dairy cows were analyzed by sorting out the production data of a dairy farm in South China in 2017.The results showed that the parity had a significant effect on milk yield and milk components(P<0.05).The milk yield and milk protein rate of second parity cows were significantly higher than other parity,and somatic cell number increased with the increase of parity.Lactation stage had a significant influence on milk yield and milk composition(P<0.05).The milk yield of dairy cows showed a significant negative correlation with the increase of lactation stage(R^(2)=0.9769).On the contrary,the milk protein rate(R^(2)=0.9801),milk fat rate(R^(2)=0.9189),milk urea nitrogen(R^(2)=0.7332)and somatic cell number(R^(2)=0.8318)of dairy cows showed a significant positive correlation with the increase of lactation stage.The milk seasons had a significant effect on milk yield and milk components(P<0.01).The milk protein rate and somatic cell number were significantly higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring.The milk yield and milk fat rate reached the highest value in winter.In conclusion,the results showed that the parity,lactation stage and milk season could significantly affect the performance of dairy cows,therefore in production,attention should be paid to further improve the performance and economic benefits of dairy cows in South China.
作者
韩晓晖
周震
吴泽标
罗志莹
刘娇
邓铭
郭勇庆
HAN Xiaohui;ZHOU Zhen;WU Zebiao;LUO Zhiying;LIU Jiao;DENG Ming;GUO Yongqing(College of Animal Sciences,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510000,China)
出处
《家畜生态学报》
北大核心
2021年第4期52-56,共5页
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31872382)
大学生创新创业训练项目(201810564456)
广东省畜禽地方品种保护与开发利用提升工程项目。
关键词
荷斯坦奶牛
胎次
季节
泌乳阶段
生产性能
Holstein cows
parity
season
lactation stage
production performance
