摘要
某金矿90 mm扇形深孔爆破振动效应明显,对井下安全生产带来严重影响。通过现场爆破测振试验,采集爆破振动信号数据,运用经验模态分解法(EMD)对测点3个方向的爆破信号进行分析,并通过EMD能量熵求得信号主能量分量,确定主能量频带;结合我国爆破振动安全标准,对井下深孔爆破进行安全评估,并提出相应安全的控制措施。分析表明,爆破振动信号T向主要能量频带为5~22 Hz,V向为10~47 Hz,L向为3~19 Hz。信号V向和L向最大振速达到18.6~21.7cm/s,均超过安全允许振速。为保障井下生产安全,提出对所有采矿进路及距离进路20 m以内的运输巷道进行喷锚支护,对邻近采空区进行废石胶结处理,以及控制一次爆破炸药总量,来改善爆破震动的影响。研究对下一步安全生产具有指导意义。
The 90 mm fan-shaped deep hole blasting in a gold mine has obvious vibration effects,which has a serious impact on underground safety production.Through field blasting vibration test,collect blasting vibration signal data,use Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD)to analyze the blasting signal in three directions of the measuring point.Obtain the main energy component of the signal and determine the main energy frequency band through EMD energy entropy.According to the Chinese safety standards for blasting vibration,the safety assessment of deep hole blasting in underground mines is carried out,and corresponding safety control measures are proposed.The analysis shows that the main energy frequency band of the blasting vibration signal in T direction is 5~22 Hz,V direction is 10~47 Hz,and L direction is 3~19 Hz.The maximum vibration speed of signals in the V and L directions reached 18.6~21.7 cm/s,which exceeded the safe allowable vibration speed.It is proposed that all mining access roads and transpor⁃tation roadways within 20 m from the access road should be supported by shotcreting anchors,the adjacent mined-out areas should be cemented with waste stones,and the total amount of explosives for one blasting should be controlled to improve the impact of blasting vibration.The research has guiding significance for the next step of safe production.
作者
刘建伟
鲁超
何文超
LIU Jianwei;LU Chao;HE Wenchao(School of Civil Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology;Yichun Mining Co.,Ltd.;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology)
出处
《现代矿业》
CAS
2021年第4期152-157,共6页
Modern Mining
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:3203205214、3203205271)
湖南省安全生产财政项目(2018)
湖南省研究生科研创新资助项目(编号:CX20190659)。
