摘要
目的:探讨右美沙芬依赖患者的临床特点。方法:对13例右美沙芬依赖患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:使用右美沙芬的原因主要是阿片类依赖患者的自我脱瘾治疗或作为替代品使用。患者多从同伴处了解到本药物的效应。药品来源于药店或诊所,容易获得。本药物急性中毒有意识丧失心跳骤停的高危风险。长期使用后患者有明显躯体依赖和心理依赖的表现,成瘾时使用右美沙芬的剂量在180~1440(672.7±345.5)mg/d,首次就诊时依赖程度视觉类比量表评分为5~8(6.1±1.2)分。约半数患者使用右美沙芬后自我报告有明显的幻觉体验,多为愉快享受的幻觉体验,少数为恐怖的幻觉体验。超过1/3的患者在成瘾一段时间后出现抑郁情绪体验,约半数的患者在成瘾期间出现脾气大容易激惹或冲动行为。治疗以对症治疗为主。结论:右美沙芬被滥用的剂量很大,存在中毒致死风险。其依赖综合征的表现与其他阿片类物质依赖的表现相似,依赖性呈中等强度,有明显的致幻效应,易被获得和滥用,宜加强管理。
Objective:To understand the clinical features of Dextromethorphan dependence.Methods:Thirteen patients with Dextromethorphan dependence were investigated and their data were analyzed.Results:The main reasons for abusing Dextromethorphan were the behavior of self-administrated detoxification by heroin addicts and substituting compound codeine phosphate solution by its users.All patients learn the knowledge of Dextromethorphan from their friends.The drug was easily obtained from drugstores or clinics.Mean dose was 180-1440(672.7±345.5)mg/d and frequency of use was 1.9±s0.9 times a day.All patients abused the drug by oral taking.The patients all had the Dextromethorphan psychological dependence.The mean scores were 5-8(6.1±1.2)measured by visual analogue scale(VAS).The method of treatment was proceeded maintenance treatment.Conclusion:Dextromethorphan are usually abused with great dose,the clinical features of Dextromethorphan dependence syndrome resemble other opioid dependence with moderate intensity.Dextromethorphan is easily obtained and abused,the management of it should be strengthened.
作者
丁毅
夏莉
段炼
王怀坤
蓝晓嫦
范妮
DING Yi;XIA Li;DUAN Lian;WANG Huaikun;LAN Xiaochang;FAN Ni(The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou,510370)
出处
《中国药物滥用防治杂志》
CAS
2021年第2期155-158,共4页
Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment
关键词
右美沙芬
依赖
临床特征
Dextromethorphan
dependence
clinical characteristics
