摘要
“《民法典》婚姻家庭编”回应了中国社会发展变迁对婚姻家庭法制提出的新需求,具有时代性,尤其是“婚生否认之诉”的规定,更好地适应了科技发展下的多元化亲子关系确立方式。但是,《民法典》对于代孕等人工生殖技术相关的婚姻家庭权利义务关系没有作出明确规定,许多代孕纠纷仍旧无法解决,因此,建议《民法典》明确代孕子女的亲子关系。其基本思路是与《民法典》婚姻家庭编保护子女最佳利益的法律思想保持一致,以现有两种“准血亲”亲子关系为基础,对两种不同类型代孕产生的亲子关系分别予以规范。在完全代孕中,孕母与孕子没有基因关系,因此,委托方妻子可直接规定为孕子的母亲;在局部代孕中,如果孕母自愿解除与孕子的母子(女)关系,则委托方妻子与该孕子之间为母子(女)关系。明确代孕子女的婚生子女地位,是法律与时俱进的体现,亦可定纷止争。
The Marriage and Family Articles in The Civil Code of the PRC respond to the challeges in the marriage and family legal system made by China’s social development and transformation,and represents the new characteristics of the time.The article regarding“Denial litigation between parents and children”is consistent with the pluralistic identification methods as Artificial Reproduction Technology(ART)develops.However,the new code provides no clear regulations as to the Artificial Reproduction Technology-related obligations within marriage and family,such as surrogacy.As a result,surrogacy-related issues remain controversial.Therefore,this paper suggests that for babies of surrogacy parenthood be regulated clearly in the Civil Code,which is consistent with the legal spirit of guaranteeing the best interests of children.The Civil Codes should regulate the two types of surrogacy on the basis of the two existing“special consanguinity”rules about the non-genetic parent-child relationship.For full-surrogacy,the intend-wife should not be stipulated as the baby’s mother because they have no genetic relationship.And for partial-surrogacy,if the surrogate mother quit claiming the mother-child relationship voluntarily,the intended mother can be the baby’s mother.In a word,the surrogacy baby should be given as the same legal status as the children born in wedlock,which can make the Civil Code up to date with the times and eliminate the surrogacy disputes.
作者
游文亭
YOU Wenting(Law school, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China)
出处
《大连理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期85-91,共7页
Journal of Dalian University of Technology(Social Sciences)
关键词
民法典
婚姻家庭编
代孕
子女最佳利益
Chinese Civil Code
marriage and family law
surrogacy
best for children
