摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平叶酸和维生素B_(12)对产蛋高峰期京红蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、小肠组织形态、小肠屏障功能及相关基因表达的影响。试验选用28周龄京红蛋鸡972只,随机分为9个组,每组6个重复,每个重复18只鸡。采用2因素3水平试验设计,分别在基础饲粮中添加不同水平的叶酸和维生素B_(12),叶酸设0、2和5 mg/kg 3个添加水平,维生素B_(12)设0、25和75μg/kg 3个添加水平。试验预试期2周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)饲粮添加叶酸和维生素B_(12)及其互作效应对京红蛋鸡生产性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)饲粮添加2 mg/kg叶酸显著提高了蛋形指数、蛋壳厚度、蛋黄颜色和哈氏单位(P<0.05),添加25μg/kg维生素B_(12)显著提高了蛋壳厚度和哈氏单位(P<0.05);叶酸和维生素B_(12)互作效应显著提高了哈氏单位(P<0.05)。3)饲粮添加2 mg/kg叶酸显著提高了空肠和回肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)值(P<0.05),添加25μg/kg维生素B_(12)显著提高了十二指肠绒毛高度和V/C值(P<0.05);叶酸和维生素B_(12)互作效应对十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度和V/C值影响显著(P<0.05),2 mg/kg叶酸和25μg/kg维生素B_(12)添加组显著高于未添加组(P<0.05)。4)饲粮添加叶酸和维生素B_(12)及其互作效应对十二指肠和空肠闭锁蛋白(occludin)和黏蛋白2(MUC2)mRNA相对表达量影响显著(P<0.05),2 mg/kg叶酸和25μg/kg维生素B_(12)添加组显著高于未添加组(P<0.05)。5)饲粮添加2 mg/kg叶酸显著降低了十二指肠、空肠和回肠Toll样受体4(TLR4)、核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),显著提高了十二指肠、空肠和回肠白细胞介素-13(IL-13)mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05);添加25μg/kg维生素B_(12)显著降低了十二指肠、空肠和回肠TLR4和TNF-αmRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),显著提高了十二指肠、空肠和回肠白细胞介素-10(IL-10)mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05)。叶酸和维生素B_(12)互作效应对十二指肠和空肠TLR4、NF-κB、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-10 mRNA相对表达量影响显著(P<0.05),2 mg/kg叶酸和25μg/kg维生素B_(12)添加组十二指肠和空肠TLR4、NF-κB、TNF-α和IL-1βmRNA相对表达量显著低于未添加组(P<0.05),十二指肠和空肠IL-10 mRNA相对表达量显著高于未添加组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加适宜水平的叶酸和维生素B_(12)能够提高产蛋高峰期京红蛋鸡鸡蛋哈氏单位,改善小肠组织形态,改善小肠屏障功能及炎症相关基因的表达,以饲粮(含1.35 mg/kg叶酸和25μg/kg维生素B_(12))中添加2 mg/kg叶酸和25μg/kg维生素B_(12)效果较好。
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary different levels of folic acid and vitamin B_(12) on performance,egg quality,small intestinal tissue morphology,small intestinal barrier function and related gene expression of Jinghong laying hens at peak production.A total of 972 Jinghong laying hens at 28 weeks of age were randomly divided into 9 groups with 6 replicates per group and 18 hens per replicate.Using a two factors with three levels experimental design,the experimental diets were supplemented with folic acid and vitamin B_(12) at different doses in the basal diet,the folic acid was set at three supplemental levels of 0,2 and 5 mg/kg,and vitamin B_(12) was set at three supplemental levels of 0,25 and 75μg/kg,respectively.The adjustment period lasted for 2 weeks,and the experimental period lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)dietary folic acid and vitamin B_(12) and their interaction had no significant effects on the performance of Jinghong laying hens(P>0.05).2)Dietary 2 mg/kg folic acid significantly increased the egg shape index,egg shell thickness,yolk color and Haugh unit(P<0.05),dietary 25μg/kg vitamin B_(12) significantly increased the egg shell thickness and Haugh unit(P<0.05),and their interaction significantly increased the Haugh unit(P<0.05).3)Dietary 2 mg/kg folic acid significantly increased the villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio(V/C)in jejunum and ileum(P<0.05),dietary 25μg/kg vitamin B_(12) significantly increased the villus height and V/C in duodenum(P<0.05).The interaction of folic acid and vitamin B_(12) had a significant effect on the villus height and V/C in duodenum and jejunum(P<0.05),which in the 2 mg/kg folic acid and 25μg/kg vitamin B_(12) supplemental group were significantly higher than those in the untreated group(P<0.05).4)Dietary folic acid and vitamin B_(12) and their interaction had significant effects on the mRNA relative expression levels of occludin and mucins 2(MUC2)in duodenum and jejunum(P<0.05),which in the 2 mg/kg folic acid and 25μg/kg vitamin B_(12) supplemental group were significantly higher than those in the untreated group(P<0.05).5)Dietary 2 mg/kg folic acid significantly decreased the mRNA relative expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)(P<0.05),and significantly increased the interleukin-13(IL-13)mRNA relative expression level(P<0.05)in duodenum,jejunum and ileum;dietary 25μg/kg vitamin B_(12) significantly decreased the mRNA relative expression levels of TLR4 and TNF-α(P<0.05),and significantly increased the interleukin-10(IL-10)mRNA expression level in duodenum,jejunum and ileum(P<0.05).The interaction of folic acid and vitamin B_(12) had a significant effect on the mRNA relative expression levels of TLR4,NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-10 in duodenum and jejunum(P<0.05).The mRNA relative expression levels of TLR4,NF-κB,TNF-αand IL-1βin duodenum and jejunum in the 2 mg/kg folic acid and 25μg/kg vitamin B_(12) supplemental group were significantly lower than those in the untreated group(P<0.05),and the IL-10 mRNA relative expression level in duodenum and jejunum was significantly higher than that in the untreated group(P<0.05).In conclusion,appropriate level of dietary folic acid and vitamin B_(12) can improve the egg Haugh unit,small intestinal tissue morphology,small intestinal barrier function and expression of genes related to intestinal inflammation of Jinghong laying hens at peak production.It is better to add 2 mg/kg folic acid and 25μg/kg vitamin B_(12) to the diet(containing 1.35 mg/kg folic acid and 25μg/kg vitamin B_(12)).
作者
武笑天
温曌
李锐瑞
白彦
王瑞
杨玉
WU Xiaotian;WEN Zhao;LI Ruirui;BAI Yan;WANG Rui;YANG Yu(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期2616-2630,共15页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
晋中市科技重点研发计划(农业)(Y182011)
健康功能畜产品生产技术研究与应用(201703D211001-05)
山西省现代农业鸡产业技术体系(20201102)
山西省“1331”工程畜牧学重点学科建设(J202011315)。
关键词
叶酸
维生素B_(12)
蛋鸡
生产性能
肠道形态
肠道屏障功能
folic acid
vitamin B_(12)
laying hens
performance
intestinal morphology
intestinal barrier function
