摘要
[目的]以研究北京市乔灌草型、乔草型、乔木型、灌草型4种植物群落的植被覆盖率对温度的影响为主要目的。[方法]通过实地调研及运用Arcgis等软件分析的方法,定量分析4种植物群落的植被覆盖率对温度的影响。[结果]绿地在达到一定植被覆盖率后,温度稳定在一定区间。4种植物群落中,乔灌草型对温度的影响最为明显。乔灌草型植被覆盖率达到53%~56%后,温度变化不明显;乔草型植被覆盖率达到54%~56%后,温度变化不明显。乔木型植被覆盖率达到51%~55%后,温度变化不明显;灌草型植被覆盖率达到50%~54%后,温度变化不明显。[结论]绿地温度与4种植物群落的植被覆盖率均具有负相关性,其中乔灌草型对温度的影响最明显。当植被覆盖率达到50%~55%时能发挥其最大降温效果,此结论符合《北京森林城市发展规划》中提到的城区绿化覆盖率要达到49%以上的标准。
[Objective]To study the effect of coverage rate of four different phytocoenosium of arbor-shrub-grass type,arbor-grass type,arbor type,shrub-grass type on temperature in Beijing.[Methods]Based on field investigation and ArcGIS software analysis,the effects of vegetation coverage on temperature of four phytocoenosium were quantitatively analyzed.[Results]When the green space reaches a certain coverage,the temperature is stable in a certain range.Among the four community structures,arbor-shrub-grass structure had the most obvious effect on temperature.When the coverage rate of arbor-shrub-grass type reached 53%-56%,the change of temperature was not obvious;when the coverage rate of arbor-grass type reached 54%-56%,the change of temperature was not obvious.When the coverage rate of arbor type reached 51%-55%,the change of temperature was not obvious;when the coverage rate of shrub-grass type reached 50%-54%,the change of temperature was not obvious.[Conclusions]There was a negative correlation between the temperature of green space and the vegetation coverage of the four phytocoenosium,and the effect of arbor-shrub-grass type on the temperature was the most obvious.When the vegetation coverage rate reaches 50%-55%,it can give full play to its cooling effect.This conclusion is in line with the"Beijing forest city development planning"mentioned in the urban green coverage rate to reach more than 49%.
作者
李世隆
冯丽
曹硕
贾博文
王秋月
马晓燕
LI Shilong;FENG Li;CAO Shuo;JIA Bowen;WANG Qiuyue;MA Xiaoyan(College of Landscape Architecture,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《北京农学院学报》
2021年第3期88-94,共7页
Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture
基金
科技创新服务能力建设-城乡生态环境北京实验室建设项目(PXM2019014207)。
关键词
植物群落
植被覆盖率
绿地温度
绿地
phytocoenosium
vegetation coverage
green space temperature
green space
