摘要
开展离污染源不同距离的沉积记录对比研究,对揭示区域污染来源及演化具有重要意义。本研究通过对比内蒙古高原东南的达里湖和库伦淖的沉积记录,探讨了该地区近百年来大气重金属的主要来源与演化历史。结果表明:1)两湖在2005年前的重金属污染变化基本一致,很好地反映了区域的大气污染演化过程;2005年后,由于库伦淖受当地污染影响,两湖人为重金属变化出现差异。2)结合两湖沉积记录对比研究及后向轨迹分析,发现该地区大气重金属主要受南部京津冀大气污染影响。3)早在19世纪末,该地区就出现了轻微的大气重金属污染,在三四十年代污染亦有轻微上升;建国后大气重金属在五十年代到达了一个阶段性峰值;随着六七十年代工业发展放缓,大气污染有所减轻;改革开放后,该地区的大气重金属快速升高,是近一百多年来增幅最大的阶段;进入21世纪后由于含铅汽油的淘汰,该地区大气中的Pb停止了增长,但Zn和Cd仍波动上升。
Comparative study of sediment records located at different distances from pollution sources is of great significance to reveal the source and evolution of regional pollution. By comparing sediment records from lake Dali and lake Kulunnao in southeastern Inner Mongolia Plateau, main sources and evolutionary history of atmospheric heavy metals in the last century were investigated. The results show that: 1) Before 2005, vertical variations of heavy metals from the two lakes were similar, implying they were both controlled by the regional atmospheric pollution. Between 2005-2016, due to the influence of local pollutant emission near Kulunnao, the variations of anthropogenic heavy metals from the two lakes were different. 2) Combined with the comparative study of two sediment records and backward trajectory analysis, we found that the atmospheric heavy metals in this region were mainly affected by the air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. 3) The early atmospheric heavy-metal pollution event in the region was found at the end of the 19 th century, followed by another in the 1930 s and 1940 s. After the founding of the People′s Republic of China, atmospheric heavy metals in the region quickly reached a temporary peak in the 1950 s, but in the following two decades they seemed to stop increasing and owing to the slowdown of industrial development. After the Reform and Opening-up in 1978, the atmospheric heavy metals started to increase rapidly, which was the largest increase in the past 100 years. After entering the 21 st century, Pb in the atmosphere in the region stopped increasing due to the phasing out of leaded gasoline, but Zn and Cd still increased fluctuatingly.
作者
杨娟
万的军
毛欣
宋磊
杨劲松
张鹏
YANG Juan;WAN Dejun;MAO Xin;SONG Lei;YANG Jinsong;ZHANG Peng(Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Key Laboratory of Quaternary Chronology and Hydro-Environmental Evolution,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050061;China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期79-86,共8页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
河北省自然科学基金(D2020504016)
河北省青年拔尖人才支持计划(B201806)资助。
关键词
湖泊沉积
重金属
坝上地区
大气污染
污染演化
lake sediments
heavy metals
Bashang area
atmospheric pollution
pollutant evolution
