摘要
目的通过对惠州市惠阳区重点职业病监测和健康检查结果进行分析,了解惠州市惠阳区接触重点职业病危害因素劳动者健康状况,为制定针对性的职业病防治策略提供依据。方法通过"国家职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统"和"惠州市惠阳区疾病预防控制中心体检系统"收集2016—2018年重点职业病监测数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2016—2018年惠州市惠阳区共收集个案卡资料24 428例,职业禁忌证人数260例,疑似职业病人数86例;在疑似职业病人群中发现重点职业病以苯、噪声和粉尘为主,人数分别为6 876例(28.15%)、7 852例(32.14%)和5 190例(21.25%);经济类型主要以私有和港澳台及外商企业为主,人数分别为52例(60.47%)和33例(38.37%);行业分布主要以制造业为主,人数为75例(87.21%);企业规模以小型企业为主,人数为63例(73.26%);性别主要以男性为主,人数为58例(67.44%);工龄主要为1~7年,人数为52例(60.47%)。检查人数中白细胞异常人数为120例(1.77%),中性粒细胞异常人数为121例(1.78%),血小板异常人数为8例(0.12%),尘肺样改变人数为9例(0.09%),肺功能中用力肺活量(FVC)异常人数为67例(0.72%),1s用力呼气容积(FEV1)异常人数为59例(0.64%),1 s用力呼气容积/用力肺活量(FEV1/FVC)异常人数为181例(1.95%),双耳高频平均听阈检查异常人数为116例(1.52%)。结论 2016—2018年惠州市惠阳区重点职业病危害较为严重,企业职业健康检查和职业病危害因素检测覆盖率仍然不高,应加大监管力度和落实防控措施,降低重点职业病发病和危害。
Objective Through the analysis on surveillance of key occupational diseases and health examination results in Huiyang District of Huizhou City,to understand the health status of workers exposed to key occupational hazards in Huiyang District,provide basis for the formulation of targeted occupational disease prevention strategies. Methods Through the "National occupational disease and occupational health information monitoring system" and the "Physical examination system of Huiyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Huizhou City",the monitoring data of key occupational diseases from 2016-2018 were collected. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used for analysis. Results From 2016-2018,totally 24 428 case cards were collected in Huiyang District of Huizhou City,and there were 260 people with occupational contraindication and 86 cases of suspected occupational disease. Most cases of suspected occupational disease were related to benzene,noise and dust,which the number was 6 876 cases(28.15%),7 852 cases(32.14%) and 5 190 cases(21.25%),respectively. The main economic types were private enterprises,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan and foreign enterprises,which the number was 52 cases(60.47%) and33 cases(38.37%) respectively. Industry distribution was mainly manufacturing industry,with 75 cases(87.21%). The enterprise scale was mainly small enterprises,with 63 cases(73.26%). The cases were mainly male,with 58 cases(67.44%). Most of cases had the working age of 1~7 years,with 52 cases(60.47%). There were 120(1.77%) cases of leucocyte abnormality,121(1.78%)cases of neutrophil abnormality,8(0.12%) cases of platelet abnormality,9(0.09%) cases of pneumoconiosis-like changes,67(0.72%)cases of abnormality in forced vital capacity(FVC),59(0.64%) cases of abnormality in forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1),181(1.95%) cases of abnormality in FEV1/FVC,and 116(1.52%) cases of abnormality in high frequency binaural average hearing threshold. Conclusion The key occupational disease hazard in Huiyang District of Huizhou City from 2016-2018 is serious,and the coverage rate of occupational health examination and occupational hazard factor detection in enterprises were not high.It is necessary to strengthen supervision and implement prevention and control measures to reduce the incidence and harm of key occupational diseases.
作者
郑丽琼
曾祥胜
ZHENG Li-qiong;ZENG Xiang-sheng(Department of Occupational Disease Control and Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control,Huiyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Huizhou City,Huizhou Guangdong,516211,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2021年第4期445-449,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
重点职业病
劳动者
监测和健康检查
Key occupational disease
Workers
Monitoring and health examination
