摘要
聚焦攀枝花地区坡地芒果园土壤有机质天然不足问题,选取黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.,LP)、光叶紫花苕(Vicia villosa Roth var.,VR)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.,MS)和田菁[Sesbania cannabina(Retz.)Poir.,SC]4种绿肥,研究果园行间种植牧草、翻压还田后对土壤养分和芒果产量的影响.结果表明:(1)种植SC和VR处理牧草盖度和牧草生物量显著高于对照,显著降低林下杂草盖度,抑制杂草生长;(2)与对照相比,SC处理显著提高0-20 cm和20-40 cm土壤有机碳含量、碳氮比和碳磷比以及0-20 cm土层土壤硝态氮含量.VR和MS处理显著提高0-20 cm土层土壤有效磷含量;(3)VR处理显著提高芒果大果单果重,比对照提高27%;SC处理显著提高芒果大果单果重和总产量,分别比对照提高25%和34%.综上所述,田菁和光叶紫花苕作为绿肥在攀枝花芒果种植区具有较强的适应性,翻压还田后明显改善土壤肥力,显著提高芒果产量;田菁改良效果最好,光叶紫花苕次之,这两种绿肥可以作为金沙江干热河谷区芒果园土壤改良的优良绿肥进行推广应用.(图4表5参37)
Focusing on the natural deficiency of soil organic matter in sloping mango orchards in Panzhihua City,four types of green manure,namely,Lolium perenne L.(LP),Vicia villosa Roth var.(VR),Medicago sativa L.(MS),and Sesbania cannabina(Retz.)Poir.(SC),were selected to study the effects of forage return on soil nutrients and mango yields.The results showed that:(1)the forage coverage and biomass in the SC and VR treatments were significantly higher than those in the control,which could significantly inhibit the growth of undergrowth weeds and reduce their coverage.(2)Compared with those of the control,in the SC treatment,the concentration of soil organic carbon,C/N and C/P ratios in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers,and the content of soil nitrate nitrogen in the 0-20 cm soil layer were significantly increased.The concentration of available phosphorus in the 0-20 cm soil layer was significantly increased in the VR and MS treatments.(3)In contrast to that of the control,in the VR treatment,the single fruit weight of large mango fruit increased by 27%,whereas in the SC treatment,the single fruit weight of large mango fruit and total yield increased by 25%and 34%,respectively.In summary,as green manures in the Panzhihua mango planting area,SC and VR showed strong adaptability.After soil return,the soil fertility and mango yield clearly improved.The effect of SC was greater than that of VR.These two green manures can be popularized and applied for soil improvement in orchards in the Jinsha River dry-hot valley area.
作者
胡斌
张瀚曰
潘宏兵
包维楷
HU Bin;ZHANG Hanyue;PAN Hongbing;BAO Weikai(CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Panzhihua Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Panzhihua 617061,China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期251-260,共10页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0505103)资助。
关键词
绿肥
还田
土壤养分
芒果产量
芒果园
金沙江干热河谷
green manure
forage return
soil nutrient
mango yield
mango orchard
dry-hot valley of the Jinsha River
