摘要
目的了解玻璃纤维生产、应用企业工人职业卫生知识的掌握及职业卫生防护措施的落实情况,探讨职业健康教育对预防玻璃纤维粉尘暴露人员皮肤损伤的可行性。方法于2018年6月至2019年8月,以整群随机抽样的方法选择南京地区某陶瓷企业257名在职职工为研究对象。按照所罗门设计,干预组分为RG1(O1XO2)、RG3(XO5)两组,施加职业健康教育,对照组分为RG2(O3-O4)、RG4(-O6)两组,无干预措施,用问卷调查结果及职业卫生知识得分评价健康教育对玻璃纤维暴露人员职业防护的干预效果。结果干预组干预后比干预前的职业卫生知识平均得分提高了27.34分,干预指数为1.42,比对照组提高了23.62~27.73分,比对照组得分提高了33.62~35.52分;干预组玻璃纤维暴露人员使用防护霜、坚持戴手套、穿工作服、班后洗手洗澡等防护措施的正向态度率比对照组分别提高了13.28%、13.51%、11.68%、11.48%,干预指数分别为1.18、1.17、1.14、1.15;干预组戴手套和班后洗手洗澡的职业防护措施落实率比对照组分别提高了29.25%、7.27%,干预指数分别为1.43、1.08;干预组皮肤损伤率比对照组降低了11.43%,干预指数为1.67。结论玻璃纤维暴露人员的职业健康教育,可提高干预对象职业卫生知识的得分、职业防护正向态度率及职业防护措施落实率,降低干预对象的皮肤损伤率。
Objective To understand the mastery of occupational hygienic knowledge and the implementing of occupational health protection measures in the group which were exposed to the procedure of manufacture and use in glass fiber company,and to explore the feasibility of the prevention of the skin injury by occupational health education in glass fiber workers.Methods We selected 257 on-the-job employees as the research object in a ceramic enterprise in Nanjing from June 2018 to August 2019,with the method of cluster random sampling.According to Solomon's design,the intervention group in which we took measures with health education was divided into RG1(O1XO2)and RG3(XO5)group,and the control group where we didn't take any intervention was divided into RG2(O3-O4)and RG4(-O6)group.The intervention effect of health education on the occupational protection of glass fiber workers was evaluated by the results of questionnaire.Results After training,the average score of occupational health knowledge in the intervention group was 27.34 points higher than that before training,the intervention index was 1.42,23.62-27.73 points higher than the control glass fiber workers and 33.62-35.52 points higher than the control glass non-glass fiber workers;Compared with the control group,the positive attitude rate of fiber glass workers in the intervention group increased by 13.28%,13.51%,11.68%and 11.48%,and the intervention indexes were 1.18,1.17,1.14 and 1.15,which was corresponding to using protective cream,wearing gloves,wearing working clothes,washing hands and bathing after work,respectively;Compared with the control group,the implementation rate of occupational protection measures which were represented by wearing gloves、washing hands and bathing for glass fiber workers in the intervention group increased by 29.25%and 7.27%respectively,and the intervention indexes were 1.43 and 1.08 respectively;The skin injury rate of fiberglass workers in the intervention group was reduced by 11.43%comparing to the control group,the intervention index was 1.67.Conclusion According to the occupational health education of fiberglass workers,it improves the mastery of occupational health knowledge,positive atti-tude rate and the implementation rate of occupational protection measures,meanwhile,it reduces the skin injury rate of the intervention objects to a certain extent.
作者
魏春龙
史善富
周文生
吴学春
姜娟
Wei Chunlong;Shi Shanfu;Zhou Wensheng;Wu Xuechun;Jiang Juan(Nanjing Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Disease,Nanjing 210042,China)
出处
《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期270-273,共4页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
关键词
职业病
早期干预(教育)
玻璃纤维
皮肤损伤
健康教育
Occupational Diseases
Glass fiber
Health educationEarly Intervention(Education)
Skin injury
