摘要
为充分发挥抗病品种在甘薯茎基部腐烂病防控中的作用,以‘浙薯255’等甘薯品种为试验材料,采用病圃抗病性鉴定、生产示范与多点验证的方法,鉴定筛选抗病甘薯品种;并对筛选出的抗病甘薯品种进行特征特性观察试验和主要栽培技术研究。结果表明,‘浙薯255’在甘薯茎基部腐烂病病区种植具有较强的抗病性,发病率较低。‘浙薯255’前期地上部分生长较快,但开始结薯较迟;茎蔓长、较细;单株结薯数3个左右,10月下旬开始收获,大中薯率较高;薯块纺锤形,淡红皮桔红肉,口感软,食味好;耐贮性一般。试验选择扦插密度、尿素用量和硫酸钾用量3个主要农艺因子,采用单形格子设计布置田间试验,建立了3个供试因子对鲜薯产量和净产值的回归数学模型。模型解析表明,本试验条件下,‘浙薯255’以扦插密度42000~48000株/hm^(2)、追肥尿素用量185~210 kg/hm^(2)、基肥硫酸钾用量225~300 kg/hm^(2)为宜。
To give full play to the role of disease-resistant cultivars in the prevention and control of the stem base rot of sweet potato, different cultivars including‘Zheshu 255’were identified and screened and subsequently the characteristics of the selected disease-resistant cultivars were observed and the main cultivation techniques were studied using disease-resistant identification in disease nursery, production demonstration and multi-point verification methods. The results showed that‘Zheshu 255’planted in the area where sweet potato stem rot occurred were strongly disease-resistant and the disease incidence was low. The above ground part of‘Zheshu 255’grew faster at the early stage, but the tuberlization of this cultivar was late;the stems were long and thin;the number of tubers per plant was about 3;the harvest began in late October and the rate of large-and-medium sized tubers with spindle shape was high. The sweet potatoes were soft and nice in taste with light-red skin and orange-colored meat and general-storability. In the research, cutting density,urea consumption and potassium sulfate consumption were selected as three main agronomic factors, and the field was arranged with a single-lattice design, and the regression mathematical model of three test factors on the yield and net output value was established. The model analysis shows that the cutting density of 42000-48000 plants/hm^(2), the topdressing urea of 185-210 kg/hm^(2), and the basal fertilizer potassium sulfate of 225-300 kg/hm^(2) are appropriate for‘Zheshu 255’under the experimental conditions.
作者
刘也楠
刘伟明
Liu Yenan;Liu Weiming(Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Linhai 317000,Zhejiang,China;Taizhou Vocational College of Science&Technology,Taizhou 318020,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《农学学报》
2021年第5期22-27,共6页
Journal of Agriculture
基金
浙江省农业(粮食)新品种选育重大科技专项“甘薯、山药种质筛选及新品种选育”(2016C02050-7-3)
台州市农业类重点科技项目“甘薯根茎部腐烂病害的病原菌鉴定、发生危害规律及防控技术研究”(1701ny12)。
关键词
甘薯
抗病品种
茎基部腐烂病
‘浙薯255’
特征
栽培技术
Sweet Potato
Disease-resistant Cultivar
Stem Base Rot of Sweet Potato
’Zheshu 255’
Characteristics
Cultivation Techniques
