摘要
根据设施蔬菜病虫害绿色防控需求,设计了一款多功能植保机,并配套设计了信息管理系统。该机主要包括臭氧发生、电路控制、高速风机、诱虫灯、环境数据采集等功能模块,各模块由STM32F103微处理器进行控制。采用高压放电法制取臭氧,通过配备的风机及气流导向板将臭氧扩散至整个设施空间,实现病菌、害虫卵、幼虫的消杀;利用诱虫灯将害虫成虫吸引至设备底部,通过风机产生的吸力将其吸入设备内并杀灭。基于物联网体系架构设计的信息管理系统可实现多功能植保机的远程控制和植保数据的智能管理。应用多功能植保机进行了温室黄瓜白粉病和烟粉虱的防治试验,结果表明,使用该设备后,在黄瓜全生长期可将黄瓜白粉病的病情指数控制在5.9,对黄瓜烟粉虱的防治效果可达89.5%。
Diseases and insect pests can seriously affect the yield and quality of greenhouse vegetables.Spraying chemical pesticides is currently the most effective method to control diseases and insect pests.However,the extensive use of chemical pesticides,on the one hand,leads to pathogenic bacteria and pests becoming resistant to chemical pesticides,which eventually makes prevention and control more difficult and,on the other hand,causes serious environmental pollution and leaves pesticide residues that are a threat to people s health.Developing green control technology for diseases and insect pests is an important way to reduce the amounts of chemical pesticides used.A new type of ozone sterilizer device,named multi-functional plant protection machine,and an information management system was designed.The device included mainly ozone generation,circuit control,high-speed fan,trap lamp,environmental data acquisition,and other modules.All the modules were controlled by a STM32F103 microprocessor.The machine used a high-voltage discharge method to produce ozone that could be rapidly and evenly diffused into the whole facility space through the high-speed and large-volume fan and special air duct.At the required concentration,the ozone could oxidize and decompose eggs and larvae of insects,bacteria,and fungi,and inhibit virus reproduction.The device had yellow and blue lights to attract adult insects,which were then sucked into the machine by the fan and killed.The information management system had IoT-based architecture and included a mobile app.This web-based information management system interacted mainly with the data center to realize intelligent management of plant protection data.The device could be controlled remotely using the mobile APP for real-time adjustment of the fan’s wind speed,adjustment of ozone release,collection of environmental data,and opening of the trap lamp and other functions.The multi-functional plant protection machine was tested for its ability to control cucumber powdery mildew and Bemisia tabaci in several greenhouse facilities.The test results showed that after using the equipment during the whole growth period of the cucumber,the disease index of cucumber powdery mildew was controlled at 5.9,and the control effect on Bemisia tabaci reached 89.5%.The multi-functional plant protection machine effectively controlled cucumber powdery mildew and Bemisia tabaci in the greenhouses.The research result provided a reference for green control of diseases and insect pests in facilities that grow vegetables.
作者
王志彬
乔晓军
刘智
王莹
李玉风
WANG Zhibin;QIAO Xiaojun;LIU Zhi;WANG Ying;LI Yufeng(Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture,Beijing 100097,China;National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture,Beijing 100097,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期293-300,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1101100、2020YFD1000300)
北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项(KJCX20211003)。
关键词
设施农业
植保机
病虫害
臭氧
物联网
远程控制
facility agriculture
plant protection machine
diseases and pest insects
ozone
Internet of Things(IoT)
remote control
