摘要
达里湖是达里诺尔湿地的重要组成部分。根据2019年对达里湖水体中污染物的调查结果,研究了达里湖水体中的金属污染物、非金属污染物和类金属污染物的特征,并将研究结果与以往达里湖的相对应的调查资料进行了比较,探讨了达里湖水体的污染物特点和污染物对鱼类物种多样性的影响。研究结果表明,2019年7月,达里湖水体中的氟化物质量浓度为2.61 mg/L,1975~2020年明水期其平均每年增加0.61%;水体中的挥发性酚、氰化物和硫化物质量浓度分别为71.25μg/L、4.52μg/L和1.08μg/L;水体中的砷质量浓度为154.99μg/L,1975~2020年明水期其平均每年增加1.18%;水体中的汞、镉、铬、铅、铜、锌和镍质量浓度分别为0.014μg/L、0.013μg/L、1.47μg/L、2.19μg/L、2.11μg/L、4.14μg/L和1.64μg/L。2000年以来,达里湖水体中的污染物种类和含量呈现增加趋势,挥发性酚、氟化物和砷含量超标,水体污染严重,挥发性酚和化学需氧量为其主要污染指标,达里湖水体中的污染物对湖中的原有鱼类多样性尚无明显的负面影响,但是有氟化物和挥发性酚对鱼类的毒性增强、鱼类栖息与繁殖生境适宜性水平降低、鱼体肌肉中氟含量增加的潜在影响。
Dali Lake is an important part of the Dalinor wetlands.The present study surveyed characteristics of metal pollutants;non-metal pollutants,and metal-like pollutants in the water bodies of Dali Lake in 2019.The survey results were compared with the corresponding survey results in the past,and the characteristics of pollutants in the water bodies of Dali Lake and the effects of pollutants on fish species diversity were discussed.The results of the study showed that the fluoride content in the water of Dali Lake was 2.61 mg/L in July 2019,and its average annual in the ice-free period from 1975 to 2020;the volatile phenols,cyanide,and thiocyanate contents in the water were 71.25μg/L,4.52μg/L,and 1.08μg/L,respectively;the arsenic content was 154.99μg/L,and its average annual increase was 1.18%during the ice-free period from 1975 to 2020;the Hg,Cd,Cr,Pb,Cu,As,Zn and Ni contents were 0.014μg/L,0.013μg/L,1.47μg/L,2.19μg/L,2.11μg/L,4.14μg/L,and 1.64μg/L,respectively.Since 2000,the content level of pollutants and the number of pollutant types in the water bodies of Dali Lake have shown increasing trends,and the contents of volatile phenols,fluoride,and as have exceeded the limits of the surface water standards.The water bodies of Dali Lake were seriously polluted,with volatile phenols and chemical oxygen demand as its leading pollution indicators.Pollutants in the water of Dali Lake have not yet had a significant negative impact on the fish diversity in the lake.However,there are potential effects of increased toxicity of fluoride and volatile phenols on fish,reduced habitat suitability level of fish habitat and reproduction,and increased fluoride content in fish muscles.
作者
杨富亿
文波龙
李晓宇
杨艳丽
万斯昂
欧阳玲
刘文虎
王昭伟
孟祥鹏
李重祥
阿拉木斯
YANG Fuyi;WEN Bolong;LI Xiaoyu;YANG Yanli;WAN Siang;OUYANG Ling;LIU Wenhu;WANG Zhaowei;MENG Xiangpeng;LI Chongxiang;Alamus(Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,Jilin,P.R.China;College of Geography and Enveronmental Science,Hainnan Normal University,Haikou 571158,Hainan,P.R.China;Chifeng University,Chifeng 024000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,P.R.China;Ecological Environmental Monitoring Station of Chifeng,Chifeng 024000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,P.R.China)
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期154-161,共8页
Wetland Science
基金
内蒙古自治区赤峰学院院士专家工作站项目(cfxyys201701)
吉林省委组织部人才团队项目(2016)资助。
关键词
达里湖
水体
污染物
Dali Lake
water body
pollutant
